search
Nederlands Edit
search NL

Dr. Katharine Fortin

Associate Professor 
Law, Economics and Governance
Utrecht University School of Law
International and European Law
International and European Law
Johanna Hudiggebouw
Achter Sint Pieter 200
3512 HT Utrecht

Dr. Katharine Fortin

Associate Professor
International and European Law
+31 30 253 7927
k.m.a.fortin@uu.nl
Profile CV Publications Activities Prizes In the media Teaching Ancillary activities Contact
Profile CV Publications Activities Prizes In the media Teaching Ancillary activities Contact
Areas of expertise
Research areas

Publications

2024

Scholarly publications

Abu Hussein, H. S., Buyse, A., & Fortin, K. (2024). Exploring Linkages Between Rule of Law Backsliding and Human Rights: How to Find the Brakes on a Slippery Slope? Utrecht Law Review, 20(3), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.36633/ulr.1138
https://research-portal.uu.nl/ws/files/248574534/673b32a30e884.pdf
Fortin, K. (2024). Customary international law: A transformative force in the landscape of IHL. In Making and Shaping the Law of Armed Conflict (pp. 37-62). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197775134.003.0003
https://research-portal.uu.nl/ws/files/239225383/oso-9780197775134-chapter-3.pdf
der Borgh, C. V., Fortin, K., Oosterbaan, M., & Wiegink, N. (2024). Rules and laws in contexts of protracted conflict: An interdisciplinary appraisal. Social Sciences and Humanities Open, 10, Article 100918. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2024.100918
https://research-portal.uu.nl/ws/files/246787747/1-s2.0-S2590291124001153-main.pdf

2023

Scholarly publications

Fortin, K. (2023). Beyond the Literature: Detention by Non State Armed Groups under International Law by Ezequiel Heffes. International Review of the Red Cross, 105(924), 1673-1689. https://international-review.icrc.org/articles/beyond-the-literature-detention-by-nsags-under-international-law-924
Fortin, K. (2023). Mapping Calamities: Capturing the Competing Legalities of Spaces Under the Control of Armed Non State Actors Without Erasing Everyday Civilian Life. Social Sciences & Humanities Open, 8(1), 1-7. Article 100660. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2023.100660
https://dspace.library.uu.nl/bitstream/handle/1874/434644/1-s2.0-S2590291123002656-main.pdf?sequence=1
Fortin, K. (2023). Exploring the civilian and political institutions of armed non-State actors under IHL in an age of rebel governance. In K. Fortin, & E. Heffes (Eds.), Armed Groups and International Law: In the Shadowland of Legality and Illegality (pp. 140-166). Edward Elgar Publishing. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781800888340.00013
https://dspace.library.uu.nl/bitstream/handle/1874/436384/9781800888340-book-part-9781800888340-13.pdf?sequence=1
Fortin, K., & Heffes, E. (2023). Introduction: An Exploration of the Shadowland of Armed Groups and International Law. In K. Fortin, & E. Heffes (Eds.), Armed Groups and International Law: In the Shadowland of Legality and Illegality (pp. 1-14). Edward Elgar Publishing. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781800888340.00007
https://dspace.library.uu.nl/bitstream/handle/1874/436383/9781800888340-book-part-9781800888340-7.pdf?sequence=1
Fortin, K., & Heffes, E. (Eds.) (2023). Armed Groups and International Law: In the Shadowland of Legality and Illegality. Edward Elgar Publishing.

2022

Scholarly publications

Fortin, K. (2022). Veterinary Personnel. In A. Peters, J. de Hemptinne, & R. Kolb (Eds.), Animals in the International Law of Armed Conflict (pp. 200-214). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009057301.013
https://dspace.library.uu.nl/bitstream/handle/1874/426946/veterinary_personnel.pdf?sequence=1
Fortin, K. (2022). The Procedural Right to a Remedy When the State has Left the Building? A Reflection on Armed Groups, Courts and Domestic Law. Journal of Human Rights Practice, 14(2), 387–414. https://doi.org/10.1093/jhuman/huab062
https://dspace.library.uu.nl/bitstream/handle/1874/426913/huab062.pdf?sequence=1

2021

Scholarly publications

Fortin, K. (2021). AGIL Podcast: Legal identity and birth registration in territory controlled by armed groups – a conversation. Digital or Visual Products, Armed Groups and International Law. https://armedgroups-internationallaw.org/2021/03/11/agil-podcast-legal-identity-and-birth-registration-in-territory-controlled-by-armed-groups-a-conversation/
Fortin, K. (2021). Autonomous Weapons: the intricacies of Armed Drones. Digital or Visual Products, Stichting Jason. https://art19.com/shows/jason-institute/episodes/b9d14094-57b9-46bb-8953-5ab805c8eb88
Fortin, K. (2021). Conversation on War. Web publication/site, Opinio Juris. http://opiniojuris.org/2021/11/01/conversation-on-war/
Fortin, K. (2021). A retelling of the history of internal conflicts: political fireworks, a post-script to the ‘dreaded article 1’ of API and an agenda for future research. Web publication/site, Armed Groups and International Law. https://armedgroups-internationallaw.org/2021/05/28/lawmaking-under-pressure-book-symposium-a-retelling-of-the-history-of-internal-conflicts-political-fireworks-a-post-script-to-the-dreaded-article-1-of-api-and-an-agenda-for-f/
Fortin, K., Klem, B., & Sownowski, M. (2021). Legal identity and rebel governance: a comparative perspective on lived consequence of contested sovereignty. In T. Bloom, & L. N. Kingston (Eds.), Statelessness, Governance and the Problem of Citizenship (pp. 124-136). Manchester University Press.
Fortin, K. (2021). Of Interactionality and Legal Universes: A Bottom-Up Approach to the Rule of Law in Armed Group Territory. Utrecht Law Review, 17(2), 26-41. https://doi.org/10.36633/ulr.669
https://dspace.library.uu.nl/bitstream/handle/1874/413472/669_2402_1_PB.pdf?sequence=1
Buyse, A., Fortin, K., Mc Gonigle, B., & Fraser, J. (2021). The Rule of Law from Below – A Concept Under Development. Utrecht Law Review, 17(2), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.36633/ulr.771
https://dspace.library.uu.nl/bitstream/handle/1874/413441/771_2407_1_PB.pdf?sequence=1
Fortin, K. M. A. (2021). To be or not to be? Legal Identity in Crisis in Non-international Armed Conflicts. Human Rights Quarterly, 43(1), 29–69 . https://doi.org/10.1353/hrq.2021.0001
https://dspace.library.uu.nl/bitstream/handle/1874/408192/project_muse_783992.pdf?sequence=1

2020

Scholarly publications

Fortin, K. (2020). Human rights derogations/ restrictions in the time of COVID19: what is their relevance in situations where an armed group of de facto entity controls territory? ,. Web publication/site, . https://armedgroups-internationallaw.org/2020/05/22/human-rights-derogations-restrictions-in-the-time-of-covid-19-what-is-their-relevance-in-situations-where-an-armed-group-or-de-facto-entity-controls-territory/
Fortin, K., & Kleffner, J. (2020). Responsibility of Organized Armed Groups Controlling Territory: Attributing Conduct to ISIS. In R. Bartels, J. C. van den Boogaard, P. A. L. Ducheine, E. Pouw, & J. Voetelink (Eds.), Military Operations and the Notion of Control under International Law : Liber Amicorum Terry D. Gill (pp. 307-328). Springer.
https://dspace.library.uu.nl/bitstream/handle/1874/415030/Military_Operations_and_the_Notion_of_Control_unde..._15_Responsibility_of_Organized_Armed_Groups_Controlling_Territory_Attr..._2_.pdf?sequence=1

2019

Scholarly publications

Fortin, K., Paulussen, C., & Cuyckens, H. (2019). The Prosecution of Foreign Fighters under IHL: Some Misconceptions and Some Opportunities. Web publication/site, International Centre for Counter-Terrorism. https://icct.nl/publication/the-prosecution-of-foreign-fighters-under-international-humanitarian-law-misconceptions-and-opportunities/
Fortin, K. M. A. (2019). R v TRA: Article 1 of the Convention Against Torture and the Public Official Requirement. Web publication/site, EJIL: Talk!. https://www.ejiltalk.org/r-v-tra-article-1-of-the-convention-against-torture-and-the-public-official-requirement/
Fortin, K. M. A., Paulussen, C., & Cuyckens, H. (2019). The Prosecution of Foreign Fighters under International Humanitarian Law: Misconceptions and Opportunities. https://icct.nl/publication/the-prosecution-of-foreign-fighters-under-international-humanitarian-law-misconceptions-and-opportunities/
Fortin, K. M. A. (2019). Armed Groups and the DoD Manual: Shining a Light on Overlooked Issues. In M. A. Newton (Ed.), The United States Department of Defense Law of War Manual: Commentary and Critique (pp. 383-402). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108659727.017
https://dspace.library.uu.nl/bitstream/handle/1874/432115/armed-groups-and-the-dod-manual-shining-a-light-on-overlooked-issues.pdf?sequence=1

Professional publications

Fortin, K. M. A. (2019). Which legal framework applies to deprivation of liberty by non-State armed groups and do they address the particular challenges when detention is conducted by non-State armed groups?. 1-24.

Popularising publications

Fortin, K. M. A. (2019). Armed Groups and International Law and Opinio Juris Joint Book Symposium on Organizing Rebellion by Tilman Rodenhäuser. Web publication/site https://armedgroups-internationallaw.org/2019/09/16/armed-groups-and-international-law-and-opinio-juris-joint-book-symposium-on-organizing-rebellion-by-tilman-rodenhauser/
Fortin, K. M. A. (2019). Organizing Rebellion Symposium: A Multi-Faceted Study of Armed Groups and International Law. Web publication/site http://opiniojuris.org/2019/09/17/organizing-rebellion-symposium-a-multi-faceted-study-of-armed-groups-and-international-law/
Fortin, K. M. A. (2019). Symposium: Further Thoughts on an IAC with Three Parties and the Capacity of Armed Groups to Adhere to International Norms. Web publication/site, Opinio Juris. http://opiniojuris.org/2019/01/18/symposium-further-thoughts-on-an-iac-with-three-parties-and-the-capacity-of-armed-groups-to-adhere-to-international-norms/

2018

Scholarly publications

Fortin, K. M. A., & Dewulf, S. (Eds.) (2018). Human Rights & International Legal Discourse. Human Rights and International Legal Discourse, 12(1).
Fortin, K. M. A. (2018). How to Cope with Diversity While Preserving Unity in Customary International Law? Some Insights from International Humanitarian Law. Journal of Conflict and Security Law, 23(3), 337-358. https://doi.org/10.1093/jcsl/kry023
https://dspace.library.uu.nl/bitstream/handle/1874/376724/kry023.pdf?sequence=1
Fortin, K. M. A. (2018). Armed Groups and Procedural Accountability: A Roadmap for Further Thought. In T. D. Gill, T. McCormack, R. Geiß, H. Krieger, & C. Paulussen (Eds.), Yearbook of International Humanitarian Law : 2016 (pp. 157-180). (Yearbook of International Humanitarian Law; Vol. 19). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6265-213-2_6
https://dspace.library.uu.nl/bitstream/handle/1874/363336/Armed.pdf?sequence=1

Professional publications

Fortin, K. M. A. (2018). The Relevance of Article 9 of the Articles on State Responsibility for the Internationally Wrongful Acts of Armed Groups. In J. Summers, & A. Gough (Eds.), Non-State Actors and International Obligations: Creation, Evolution and Enforcement (pp. 371-388). Brill.
https://dspace.library.uu.nl/bitstream/handle/1874/414461/_9789004340237_Non_State_Actors_and_International_Obligations_The_Relevance_of_Article_9_of_the_Articles_on_State_Responsibility_for_the_Internationally_Wrongful_Acts_of_Armed_Groups.pdf?sequence=1
Fortin, K. M. A. (2018). Introduction. Human Rights and International Legal Discourse, 12(1), 2-9.
https://dspace.library.uu.nl/bitstream/handle/1874/376725/document.pdf?sequence=1

2017

Professional publications

Fortin, K. M. A. (2017). Accountability of Armed Groups under Human Rights Law. Oxford University Press.

Other output

Fortin, K. M. A. (2017). Armed Non-State Actors and International Human Rights Law: An Analysis of the UN Security Council and UN General Assembly. Web publication/site, UCALL blog. http://blog.ucall.nl/index.php/2017/10/armed-non-state-actors-and-international-human-rights-law-an-analysis-of-the-un-security-council-and-un-general-assembly/

2016

Scholarly publications

Fortin, K. M. A. (2016). The Application of Human Rights Law to Everyday Life under Rebel Control. Netherlands International Law Review, (August 2016), 1-21. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40802-016-0061-2
https://dspace.library.uu.nl/bitstream/handle/1874/338492/humanrights.pdf?sequence=1
Bartels, R., & Fortin, K. M. A. (2016). Law, Justice and a Potential Security Gap: The ‘Organization’ Requirement in International Humanitarian Law and International Criminal Law. Journal of Conflict and Security Law, 21(1), 29-48. https://doi.org/10.1093/jcsl/krv018
https://dspace.library.uu.nl/bitstream/handle/1874/330909/29_48.pdf?sequence=1

Other output

Fortin, K. M. A. (2016). EU, Morocco and the Polisario Front: A Step in the Right Direction?. Web publication/site, UCALL blog. http://blog.ucall.nl/index.php/2016/10/eu-morocco-and-the-polisario-front-a-step-in-the-right-direction/

2015

Scholarly publications

Fortin, K. M. A. (2015). The Accountability of Armed Groups under Human Rights Law. [Doctoral thesis 1 (Research UU / Graduation UU), Universiteit Utrecht]. Utrecht University.

2013

Scholarly publications

Fortin, K. M. A. (2013). Complementarity between the ICRC and the United Nations and international humanitarian law and international human rights law, 1948-1968. International review of the Red Cross, 94(888), 1433-1454. https://doi.org/10.1017/S181638311300043X
https://dspace.library.uu.nl/bitstream/handle/1874/407060/irrc_888_fortin.pdf?sequence=1

2008

Professional publications

Fortin, K. (2008). Rape as Torture: An evaluation of the Committee against Torture’s attitude to sexual violence. Utrecht Law Review, 4(3), 145-162.
Fortin, K. (2008). Rape as Torture: A triumph of a straitjacket? Utrecht: Science Shop of Law, Economics and Governance, Utrecht University.
See publications on the UU Research Portal

Go to

Services

About UU