English language publications Janneke Gerards

NB: Dutch language publications can be found on the Dutch version of this personal website

BOOKS, EDITED VOLUMES AND REPORTS IN ENGLISH (scientific, peer reviewed)

  • J.H. Gerards and N. Schattevoet, The Safety of Scientific Researchers: Data, Trends and a Typology of Threats.  An Exploratory Study for UNESCO’s Programme on the Freedom and Safety of Scientists (Paris, UNESCO 2024) (forthcoming)
  • J.H. Gerards, General Principles of the European Convention on Human Rights (Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2019; second edition 2023 (fully revised and updated))
  • J.H. Gerards et al., Fundamental Rights. The European and international dimension (Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2023)
  • J.H. Gerards and R. Xenidis, Algorithmic Discrimination in Europe (European Equality Law Network/European Commission, 2021)
  • S. Greer, J.H. Gerards and R. Slowe, Human rights in the Council of Europe and the European Union: Achievements, Trends and Challenges (Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2018)
  • J.H. Gerards and E. Brems, Procedural review in European fundamental rights cases (Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2017)
  • E. Brems & J.H. Gerards (eds.), Shaping Rights in the ECHR: The Role of the European Court of Human Rights in Determining the Scope of Human Rights (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 2014), 378 pp.
  • J.H. Gerards & J.W.A. Fleuren (eds.), Implementation of the European Convention on Human Rights and of the judgments of the ECtHR in national case law. A comparative analysis (Antwerp: Intersentia 2014), 385 pp.
  • J.H. Gerards, A.W. Heringa & H.L. Janssen, Genetic discrimination and genetic privacy in comparative perspective (Antwerp/Oxford/New York: Intersentia 2005), 241 pp.
  • J.H. Gerards, Judicial Review in Equal Treatment Cases, Leiden/Boston: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers2005 (English translation of dissertation), 774 pp.

JOURNAL ARTICLES AND BOOK CHAPTERS IN ENGLISH (scientific, peer reviewed)

2024

  • ‘Procedural Review by the European Court of Human Rights – a Typology of Functions for the Court’s Reasoning’, in D. Harvey and X. Groussot, Process Federalism in EU Law (EULawLive Publishing) (forthcoming, 2024)
  • ‘Non-discrimination in the case-law of the European Court of Justice and the European Court of Human Rights’, in C. O’Cinneide, J. Ringelheim and I. Solanke (eds.), Research Handbook on European Anti-Discrimination Law (Edward Elgar) (forthcoming, 2024)

2023

  • ‘Moving away from open judicial balancing review. The European Court of Human Rights’s approach as illustrated by its case law relevant to the Covid-19 pandemic', The Law and Practice of International Courts and Tribunals 22 (2023) p. 365-383, https://doi.org/10.1163/15718034-bja10096
  • (with Claire Loven and Elif Erken), ‘The Expanding Methodological Toolbox of the ECHR Scholar’, Law and Method 2023 (Special Issue Progress in Legal Scholarship), p. 1-19, doi: 10.5553/REM/.000072

2022

  • ‘Article 53 and Minimum Protection by the European Court of Human Rights’, European Convention on Human Rights Law Review (2022) 1-30, doi:10.1163/26663236-bja10053
  • (with Frederik Zuiderveen Borgesius), ‘Protected Grounds and the System of Non-Discrimination Law in the Context of Algorithmic Decision-Making and Artificial Intelligence’ (2022) 20 Colorado Technology Law Journal via https://ctlj.colorado.edu/?p=860

2020

  • Abstract and concrete reasonableness review by the European Court of Human Rights’, 1 European Convention on Human Rights Law Review 2020 (2) 218-247
  • Artificial Intelligence, Big Data and Fundamental Rights. Country Research Netherlands 2020’, Report provided to FRA as part of the project Artificial Intelligence, Big Data and Fundamental Rights 
  • ‘Non-Discrimination, the European Court of Justice and the European Court of Human Rights – who takes the lead?’, in: Th. Giegerich (ed.), The European Union as Protector and Promoter of Equality (Springer Verlag, 2020) pp. 135-163
  • (with Frank van Ommeren and Johan Wolswinkel), ‘The Dutch Paradox. The Impact of the Pan-European General Principles of Good Administration in the Netherlands’, in: U. Stelkens et al. (eds.), Pan-European Principles of Good Administration (Oxford, Oxford University Press 2020 
  • ‘A Right of Access to Law – or Rather a Right of Legality and Legal Aid?’, in: A. van Arnauld, K. von der Decken and M. Susi (eds.), The Cambridge Handbook of New Human Rights. Recognition, Novelty, Rhetoric (Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2020) pp. 555-561

2019

2018

  • ‘Dealing with Divergence. Margin of Appreciation and Incrementalism in the Case-Law of the European Court of Human Rights’, 18 Human Rights Law Review 2018 (3) pp 495-515, https://doi.org/10.1093/hrlr/ngy017
  • 'The Margin of Appreciation Doctrine, the Very Weighty Reasons Test and Grounds of Discrimination', in: M. Balboni (ed.), The principle of discrimination and the European Convention of Human Rights (Editoriale Scientifica, Naples, 2018) pp. 27-62

2017

  • The Paradox of the European Convention on Human Rights and the European Court of Human Rights’ Transformative Power’, 4 Kutafin University Law Review 2017 (2) pp 315-334
  • ‘The European Court of Human Rights’, in A. Jákab, A. Dyevre and G. Itzcovich (eds.), Comparative Constitutional Reasoning (Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2017) pp. 237-276
  • (with Lize Glas), ‘Access to justice in the European Convention on Human Rights system’, 35 Netherlands Quarterly of Human Rights 2017 (1) pp. 11-30
  • ‘Procedural review by the ECtHR – a typology’, in J.H. Gerards and E. Brems, Procedural review in European fundamental rights cases (Cambridge, Cambridge University Press 2017) pp. 127-160

2016

2015

  • ‘Who decides on fundamental rights issues in Europe? – Toward a mechanism to coordinate the roles of the national courts, the ECJ and the ECtHR’, in S. Weatherill and S. de Vries (eds), Five years legally binding EU Charter of Fundamental Rights - What is the state of play in the protection of fundamental Rights in the EU? (Oxford, Hart, 2015) pp. 47-74
  • ‘Diverging Fundamental Rights Standards and the Role of the European Court of Human Rights’, in M. Claes & M. De Visser, Constructing European Constitutional Law (Oxford, Hart 2015), http://ssrn.com/abstract=2344626
  • ‘The ECtHR’s response to fundamental rights issues related to financial and economic difficulties – the problem of compartmentalisation’, 33 Netherlands Quarterly of Human Rights 2015 (3) pp. 274-292

2014

2013

2012

  • The prism of fundamental rights’, 8 European Constitutional Law Review 2012 (2) pp. 173-202
  • Judicial argumentation in fundamental rights cases – the EU courts’ challenge’, in: U. Neergaard & R. Nielsen (eds.), European Legal Method – in a Multi-Level EU Legal Order (Copenhagen: DJØF Publishing 2012) pp. 27-69
  • ‘The pilot judgment procedure before the European Court of Human Rights as an instrument for dialogue’, in: M. Claes et al. (eds.), Constitutional Conversations in Europe (Antwerp: Intersentia 2012) pp. 371-397, also via http://ssrn.com/abstract=1924806
  • (with M. Claes), ‘National report – The Netherlands’, in: J. Laffranque (ed.), The Protection of Fundamental Rights Post-Lisbon: The Interaction between the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union, the European Convention on Human Rights and National Constitutions, Reports of the XXV FIDE Congress Tallinn, Vol. 1 (Tartu: Tartu University Press 2012) pp. 613-677

2011

2009

2008

2007

  • Grounds of Discrimination’, in: M. Bell and D. Schiek (eds.), Ius Commune Case Books for a Common Law of Europe – Non-Discrimination (Oxford: Hart 2007) pp. 33-184
  • ‘‘Hard Cases’ in the Law’, in: A. in’t Groen et al. (eds.), Ferment of Knowledge. Dilemmas in Science, Scholarship and Society (Leiden: Leiden University Press 2007)

2006

2004

  • ‘Protocol No. 12 – The Dutch Debate’, in: S. Lagoutte (ed.), Prohibition of Discrimination in the Nordic Countries: The Complicated Fate of Protocol No. 12 of the European Convention on Human RightsProceedings from the Nordic Round Table on ECHR Protocol No. 12 in the Nordic Countries (Copenhagen: Danish Institute for Human Rights 2005) pp. 37-57
  •  ‘Equality as Legal Argument’, in: A. Peczenik et al. (eds.), IVR Encyclopaedia of Jurisprudence, Legal Theory and Philosophy of Lawhttp://www.ivr-enc.info/en/article.php?id=21 (2004)
  • Intensity of Judicial Review in Equal Treatment Cases’Netherlands International Law Review 2004, pp. 135-183
  • The Application of Article 14 ECHR by the European Court of Human Rights’, in: Chopin, I. and Niessen, J. (eds.), The Development of Legal Instruments to Combat Racism in a Diverse Europe (Leiden/Boston: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers 2004) pp. 3-60

Non-peer reviewed / professional / popularising publications in English

  • ‘Machine learning and profiling in the PNR system’, Verfassungsblog 8 May 2023,  https://verfassungsblog.de/ml-pnr/, DOI: 10.17176/20230508-204540-0
  • ‘The Right to Equal Treatment and the Prohibition of Discrimination’, in J.H. Gerards (ed.), Fundamental Rights. The European and International Dimension (Cambridge, Cambridge University Press 2023) 1-30
  • ‘The Right to Freedom of Conscience, Thought, Belief and Religion’, in J.H. Gerards (ed.), Fundamental Rights. The European and International Dimension (Cambridge, Cambridge University Press 2023) 53-80
  • ‘The Right to Freedom of Expression and of Information’ in J.H. Gerards (ed.), Fundamental Rights. The European and International Dimension (Cambridge, Cambridge University Press 2023) 81-115
  • (with Hansko Broeksteeg), ‘The Right to Freedom of Association, Assembly and Demonstration’, in J.H. Gerards (ed.), Fundamental Rights. The European and International Dimension (Cambridge, Cambridge University Press 2023) 116-149
  • ‘The Right to Life and the Prohibition of the Death Penalty’, in J.H. Gerards (ed.), Fundamental Rights. The European and International Dimension (Cambridge, Cambridge University Press 2023) 309-339
  • ‘The Right to Education’, in J.H. Gerards (ed.), Fundamental Rights. The European and International Dimension (Cambridge, Cambridge University Press 2023) 424-441
  • ‘The Right to Freedom of Movement and the Right to Leave the Country’, in J.H. Gerards (ed.), Fundamental Rights. The European and International Dimension (Cambridge, Cambridge University Press 2023) 442-463
    ‘The Right to Health’, in J.H. Gerards (ed.), Fundamental Rights. The European and International Dimension (Cambridge, Cambridge University Press 2023) 487-507
  • ‘The Right to Environmental Protection and Sustainable Development’, in J.H. Gerards (ed.), Fundamental Rights. The European and International Dimension (Cambridge, Cambridge University Press 2023) 508-521
  • Blog Symposium on Protocol 15 ECHR: Yesterday’s Solutions for Yesterday’s Problems?’, ECHR Blog, 15 June 2021
  • Algorithmic discrimination in Europe: Challenges and Opportunities for EU equality law’, European Futures Blog 3 december 2020 (with Raphaële Xenidis)
  • Intelligence, Big Data and Fundamental Rights, Report prepared for the Fundamental Rights Agency, Vienna 2020
  • 'The Age of Balancing Revisited?', 6 European Data Protection Law Review (2020)(1), https://doi.org/10.21552/edpl/2020/1/5
  • ‘The fundamental rights challenges of algorithms’, 37 Netherlands Quarterly of Human Rights (2019) (4), https://doi.org/10.1177/0924051919861773
  • (with Sarah Lambrecht), ‘The final Copenhagen Declaration: fundamentally improved with a few remaining caveats’, Strasbourg Observers Blog, 18 April 2018
  • ‘The draft Copenhagen Declaration and the Court’s dual role – the need for a different definition of subsidiarity and the margin of appreciation’, Strasbourg Observers Blog, 28 February 2018
  • (with Sarah Lambrecht), ‘The Draft Copenhagen Declaration: Food for Thought’, Strasbourg Observers Blog, 25 February 2018
  • ‘Chapter 5. Relationship Between the Convention and the EU’, in P. van Dijk, F. van Hoof, A. van Rijn and L. Zwaak (eds), Theory and Practice of the European Convention on Human Rights (5th Edn) (Antwerp, Intersentia, 2018) pp 331-350
  • ‘Chapter 6. Right to Life’, in P. van Dijk, F. van Hoof, A. van Rijn and L. Zwaak (eds), Theory and Practice of the European Convention on Human Rights (5th Edn) (Antwerp, Intersentia, 2018) pp 353-380
  • ‘Chapter 21. Freedom of Movement’, in P. van Dijk, F. van Hoof, A. van Rijn and L. Zwaak (eds), Theory and Practice of the European Convention on Human Rights (5th Edn) (Antwerp, Intersentia, 2018) pp 933-944
  • ‘Chapter 22. Prohibition of Expulsion of Nationals’, in P. van Dijk, F. van Hoof, A. van Rijn and L. Zwaak (eds), Theory and Practice of the European Convention on Human Rights (5th Edn) (Antwerp, Intersentia, 2018) pp 929-932
  • ‘Chapter 30. Prohibition of Discrimination’, in P. van Dijk, F. van Hoof, A. van Rijn and L. Zwaak (eds), Theory and Practice of the European Convention on Human Rights (5th Edn) (Antwerp, Intersentia, 2018) pp 997-1028
  • ‘Chapter 37. Reservations’, in P. van Dijk, F. van Hoof, A. van Rijn and L. Zwaak (eds), Theory and Practice of the European Convention on Human Rights (5th Edn) (Antwerp, Intersentia, 2018) pp 1103-1118
  • ‘Procedural review: a solution for the European Court of Human Rights’ problems?’, Montaigne Centre Blog 1 May 2017
  • The transformative power of the European Court of Human Rights’, Treaties of Nijmegen Medal 2016 – the European Court of Human Rights (Nijmegen, November 2016)
  • J.H. Gerards, L.R. Glas and M.P. Beijer, European Fundamental Rights Cases (Nijmegen, Ars Aequi Publishers 2014)
  • J.H. Gerards and A.B. Terlouw, ‘Solutions for the European Court of Human Rights: The Amicus Curiae Project’ in: S. Flogaitis, T. Zwart & J. Fraser (eds.), The European Court of Human Rights and its Discontents: Turning Criticism into Strength (London: Edward Elgar UK 2013) pp. 158-182
  • ‘Proportionality Review in European Law’, in: A. Peczenik and others (eds.), IVR Encyclopaedia of Jurisprudence, Legal Theory and Philosophy of Lawhttp://ivr-enc.info/index.php?title=Proportionality_review_in_European_law (2009)

 

 

Highlighted publications

Gerards, J. H. (2016). Artikel 1 Grondwet – Goede gronden voor wijziging? Nederlands Tijdschrift voor de Mensenrechten, 41(3), 304-318.
https://dspace.library.uu.nl/bitstream/handle/1874/343704/2E_70B_8C_0C_B_40E_A_1E_34934C_90911D_C_A_C_2_pdf.pdf?sequence=2
Gerards, J., & Brems, E. (Eds.) (2017). Procedural review in European fundamental rights cases. Cambridge University Press.
Gerards, J. H. (2017). Grondrechten onder spanning: Fundamentele rechten in een complexe samenleving. Universiteit Utrecht.
https://dspace.library.uu.nl/bitstream/handle/1874/348451/Gerards_Grondrechten_onder_spanning_Oratie_UU_2017.pdf?sequence=1
Gerards, J. H. (2016). The Irrelevance of the Netherlands Constitution, and the Impossibility of Changing It. Revue Interdisciplinaire d'Etudes Juridiques , 77(2), 207-233. https://doi.org/10.3917/riej.077.0207
Gerards, J. H., & Glas, L. R. (2017). Access to justice in the Convention on Rights system. Netherlands Quarterly of Human Rights, 35(1), 11-30. https://doi.org/10.1177/0924051917693988
Greer, S., Gerards, J. H., & Slowe, R. (2018). Human rights in the Council of Europe and the European Union: Achievements, Trends and Challenges . (Cambridge Studies in European Law and Policy). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781139179041
Gerards, J. H. (2018). Margin of Appreciation and Incrementalism in the Case Law of the European Court of Human Rights. Human Rights Law Review, 18(3). https://doi.org/10.1093/hrlr/ngy017
Vetzo, M., Gerards, J. H., & Nehmelman, R. (2018). Algoritmes en grondrechten. (Montaigne Centrum voor Rechtsstaat en Rechtspleging; Vol. 80). Boom Juridisch. https://www.uu.nl/sites/default/files/rebo-montaigne-algoritmes_en_grondrechten.pdf
Gerards, J. H. (2016). De rechtskracht van niet-bindende uitspraken van verdragscomités op het terrein van de grondrechten. In J. H. Gerards, M. W. Scheltema, & A. R. Neerhof (Eds.), Hybride bestuursrecht: Preadviezen Vereniging voor Bestuursrecht (VAR) (pp. 11-85). Boom Juridisch.
https://dspace.library.uu.nl/bitstream/handle/1874/343755/rechtskracht.pdf?sequence=1

Publications

2023

Scholarly publications

Gerards, J. (Accepted/In press). European Court of Human Rights. In J. Smits, J. H., C. Valke, & M. Narciso (Eds.), Elgar Encyclopedia of Comparative Law Edward Elgar Publishing. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781839105609.rights
Gerards, J. (2023). Moving Away from Open Judicial Balancing Review: The European Court of Human Rights’ Approach as Illustrated by Its Case Law Relevant to the Covid-19 Pandemic. The Law and Practice of International Courts and Tribunals, 22, 366-383. https://doi.org/doi:10.1163/15718034-bja10096
Gerards, J. (2023). General Principles of the European Convention on Human Rights. (2 ed.) Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.107/9781009042567
Gerards, J., Goossens, J., & van Vugt, E. (2023). Constitutionele verandering in Nederland? De grondwetswijzigingen van 2022-2023. In J. Gerards, J. Goossens, & E. van Vugt (Eds.), Constitutionele verandering in Nederland? De grondwetswijzigingen van 2022-2023 (pp. 1-13). Boom. https://www.boomportaal.nl/boek/9789462128262
Gerards, J. (2023). De nieuwe discriminatiegronden van artikel 1 Grondwet – lijnen in het debat. In J. Gerards, J. Goossens, & E. van Vugt (Eds.), Constitutionele verandering in Nederland?: De grondwetswijzigingen van 2022-2023 (pp. 273-307). (Montaignereeks). Boom.
Gerards, J., Goossens, J. (Ed.), & van Vugt, E. (Ed.) (2023). Constitutionele verandering in Nederland? De grondwetswijzigingen van 2022-2023. (Montaignereeks). Boom. https://www.boomportaal.nl/boek/9789462128262#1
Gerards, J., Erken, E., & Loven, C. (2023). The expanding methodological toolbox of the ECHR scholar. Law and Method, 2023(februari). https://doi.org/10.5553/REM/.000072

Professional publications

Gerards, J. (Author). (2023). Machine learning and profiling in the PNR system. Web publication/site https://verfassungsblog.de/ml-pnr/
Gerards, J. (2023). The Right to Environmental Protection and Sustainable Development. In J. Gerards (Ed.), Fundamental Rights. The European and International Dimension (pp. 508-521). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009255721
Gerards, J. (2023). The Right to Health. In J. Gerards (Ed.), Fundamental Rights. The European and International Dimension (pp. 487-507). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009255721
Gerards, J. (2023). The Right to Freedom of Movement and the Right to Leave the Country. In J. Gerards (Ed.), Fundamental Rights. The European and International Dimension (pp. 442-463). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009255721
Gerards, J. (2023). The Right to Education. In J. Gerards (Ed.), Fundamental Rights. The European and International Dimension (pp. 424-441). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009255721
Gerards, J. (2023). The Right to Life and the Prohibition of the Death Penalty. In J. Gerards (Ed.), Fundamental Rights. The European and International Dimension (pp. 309-339). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009255721
Gerards, J., & Broeksteeg, J. W. L. (2023). The Right to Freedom of Association, Assembly and Demonstration. In J. Gerards (Ed.), Fundamental Rights. The European and International Dimension (pp. 116-149). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009255721
Gerards, J. (2023). The Right to Freedom of Expression and of Information. In J. Gerards (Ed.), Fundamental Rights. The European and International Dimension (pp. 81-115). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009255721
Gerards, J. (2023). The Right to Freedom of Conscience, Thought, Belief and Religion. In J. Gerards (Ed.), Fundamental Rights. The European and International Dimension (pp. 53-80). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009255721
Gerards, J. (2023). The Right to Equal Treatment and the Prohibition of Discrimination. In J. Gerards (Ed.), Fundamental Rights. The European and International Dimension (pp. 1-30). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009255721
Gerards, J. (2023). Fundamental Rights. The European and International Dimension. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009255721

2022

Scholarly publications

Gerards, J. (2022). Article 53 and Minimum Protection by the European Court of Human Rights. European Convention on Human Rights Law Review. https://doi.org/10.1163/26663236-bja10053
Gerards, J., & Zuiderveen Borgesius, F. (2022). Protected Grounds and the System of Non-Discrimination Law in the Context of Algorithmic Decision-Making and Artificial Intelligence. Colorado Technology Law Journal, 20(1), 1-55. https://ctlj.colorado.edu/?p=860

Professional publications

Brouwer, E. (Author), & Gerards, J. (Author). (2022). Ligue des droits humains (HvJEU, C-817/19) Verduidelijking en vragen naar aanleiding van het Passenger-Name-Record (PNR) systeem. Web publication/site, Bju. https://www.ehrc-updates.nl/commentaar/212281?skip_boomportal_auth=1
Gerards, J., Schäfer, M. T., Muis, I., & Vankan, A. (2022, May). Fundamental Rights and Algorithms Impact Assessment (FRAIA). Rijksoverheid. https://www.government.nl/documents/reports/2021/07/31/impact-assessment-fundamental-rights-and-algorithms

2021

Scholarly publications

Gerards, J. (2021). Systeemverklaringen voor verschillen tussen de gelijkebehandelingsrechtspraak van het HvJ EU en het EHRM. SEW, tijdschrift voor Europees en economisch recht, 2021(12), 571-581. https://www.uitgeverijparis.nl/nl/reader/210462/1001605776
van der Heijden, P. (Author), D'Alessandro, R. (Author), Bredenoord, A. L. (Author), Gerards, J. (Author), van Hees, M. (Author), & Verbeek, P-P. (Author). (2021). Academische vrijheid in Nederland: Een begripsanalyse en richtsnoer. Digital or Visual Products, KNAW. https://www.knaw.nl/nl/actueel/agenda/academische-vrijheid-in-nederland
Xenidis, R., & Gerards, J. (2021). Algorithmic discrimination in Europe: Challenges and opportunities for gender equality and non-discrimination law. European Commission. https://doi.org/10.2838/544956

Professional publications

Gerards, J., Schaefer, M., Vankan, A., & Muis, I. (2021). Impact Assessment Mensenrechten en Algoritmes. https://www.rijksoverheid.nl/documenten/rapporten/2021/02/25/impact-assessment-mensenrechten-en-algoritmes
Gerards, J. (Author). (2021). Protocol 15 ECHR: yesterday’s solutions for yesterday’s problems?. Web publication/site https://www.echrblog.com/2021/06/protocol-15-echr-yesterdays-solutions.html
Gerards, J., (2021). Strøbeye en Rosenlind t. Denemarken (EHRM, nrs. 25802/18 en 27338/18) – algemene wet mag curandi uitsluiten van stemrecht, (EHRC Updates). https://www.ehrc-updates.nl/commentaar/211304
Gerards, J. H., (2021). Slovenië t. Kroatië (EHRM, nr. 54155/16) – Geen EVRM-beroep voor overheden, ook niet in interstatelijke zaken, 13 p., (EHRC Updates; No. 2021-25). https://www.ehrc-updates.nl/commentaar/211150?skip_boomportal_auth=1

2020

Scholarly publications

Gerards, J. H., Kulk, S., Berlee, A., Breemen, V. E., & Peters van Neijenhof, F. (2020). Getting the future right: Artificial Intelligence and fundamental rights. Fundamental Rights Agency. https://doi.org/10.2811/774118
Gerards, J. H. (2020). Artificial intelligence, big data and fundamental rights: Country research Netherlands 2020. Fundamental Rights Agency.
Gerards, J. H. (2020). Abstract and Concrete Reasonableness Review by the European Court of Human Rights. European Convention on Human Rights Law Review, 1(2), 218-247. https://doi.org/10.1163/26663236-bja10005
Gerards, J. H., & Erken, E., (2020). Napotnik t. Roemenië (EHRM, nr. 33139/13) – Rechtvaardiging van zwangerschapsdiscriminatie, No. 33139/13, No. ECLI:CE:ECHR:2020:1020JUD003313913, 10 p., Oct 20, 2020. (EHRC Updates; No. 2020-270). https://www.ehrc-updates.nl/commentaar/211012?skip_boomportal_auth=1
Gerards, J. H., (2020). Popović e.a. t. Servië (EHRM 30 juni 2020, nrs. 26944/13 e.a.) – vergelijkbaarheidstoetsing in arbeidsongeschiktheidskwestie, (EHRC Updates; Vol. 2020, No. 201). https://www.ehrc-updates.nl/commentaar/209603
Gerards, J. H. (2020). Non-Discrimination, the European Court of Justice and the European Court of Human Rights: Who Takes the Lead? In T. Giegerich (Ed.), The European Union as Protector and Promoter of Equality (pp. 135-163). (European Union and its Neighbours in a Globalized World; Vol. 1). Springer Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-43764-0_7
Gerards, J. H. (2020). The Age of Balancing Revisited? European Data Protection Law Review, 6(1), 13-20. https://doi.org/10.21552/edpl/2020/1/5
Gerards, J. H. (2020). Sdu Commentaar EVRM: Deel II: Art. 19 t/m 57 EVRM + Protocol 1, 4, 6, 7, 12, 13 en 16 + art. 39 Reglement EHRM. (2 ed.) SDU. https://opmaat.sdu.nl/europesegrondrechten
Gerards, J. H. (2020). Sdu Commentaar EVRM: Deel 1: Artikel 1 t/m 18 EVRM . (2 ed.) SDU. https://opmaat.sdu.nl/europesegrondrechten
Gerards, J. H. (2020). A Right of Access to Law - or Rather a Right of Legality and Legal Aid? In A. von Arnauld, K. von der Decken, & M. Susi (Eds.), The Cambridge Handbook of New Human Rights: Recognition, Novelty, Rhetoric (pp. 555-562). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108676106.044

Professional publications

Gerards, J. H. (2020). Het recht op milieubescherming. In Grondrechten: De nationale, Europese en internationale dimensie (2 ed., pp. 463-476). Ars Aequi Libri.
Gerards, J. H. (2020). Het recht op gezondheid. In Grondrechten: De nationale, Europese en internationale dimensie (2 ed., pp. 445-462). Ars Aequi Libri.
Gerards, J. H. (2020). Bewegingsvrijheid en het recht om het land te verlaten. In J. Gerards (Ed.), Grondrechten: De nationale, Europese en internationale dimensie (2 ed., pp. 395-414). Ars Aequi Libri.
Gerards, J. H. (2020). Het recht op onderwijs. In J. Gerards (Ed.), Grondrechten: De nationale, Europese en internationale dimensie (2 ed., pp. 373-394). Ars Aequi Libri.
Gerards, J. H. (2020). Het recht op leven en het doodstrafverbod. In J. Gerards (Ed.), Grondrechten: De nationale, Europese en internationale dimensie (2 ed., pp. 271-294). Ars Aequi Libri.
Gerards, J. H. (2020). Het recht op gelijke behandeling en het verbod van discriminatie. In B. Barentsen, T. Barkhuysen, J. L. W. Broeksteeg, M. R. Bruning, J. H. Crijns, M. L. van Emmerik, J. H. Gerards, A. C. Hendriks, F. C. van der Jagt, J. P. Loof, A. J. Nieuwenhuis, & K. M. de Vries (Eds.), Grondrechten: De nationale, Europese en internationale dimensie (pp. 1-27). Ars Aequi Libri.
Gerards, J. H. (2020). Grondrechten: De nationale, Europese en internationale dimensie. Ars Aequi Libri. https://arsaequi-nl.proxy.library.uu.nl/product/grondrechten/
Gerards, J. H. (Author), & Xenidis, R. (Author). (2020). Algorithmic discrimination in Europe: Challenges and Opportunities for EU equality law. Web publication/site, University of Edinburgh. https://www.europeanfutures.ed.ac.uk/algorithmic-discrimination-in-europe-challenges-and-opportunities-for-eu-equality-law/
Gerards, J. H., & Cnossen, J., (2020). EHRM (GK) 29 mei 2020, Advies P16-2019-001 – Advies onder Protocol 16 over het gebruik van gelede normstellingen en art. 7 EVRM, 20 p., (EHRC Updates; No. 2020-160). https://www.ehrc-updates.nl/commentaar/209564
Gerards, J. H. (Author). (2020). Spiegel of lachspiegel? Over het EVRM en het Urgenda-arrest. Web publication/site http://blog.montaignecentre.com/index.php/2367/spiegel-of-lachspiegel-over-het-evrm-en-het-urgenda-arrest/
Gerards, J. H. (2020). Art. 14 EVRM - Verbod van discriminatie. In Sdu Commentaar EVRM - Deel I (2 ed., Vol. 1, pp. 1390-1514). (Sdu Commentaar). SDU. https://opmaat.sdu.nl/book/SDU_SDU_COMMENTAAR_c_EVRM_N10008_14/c-EVRM-N10008-14
Gerards, J. H. (2020). Art. 10 EVRM - Vrijheid van meningsuiting. In Sdu Commentaar EVRM - deel I (2 ed., Vol. 1, pp. 1056-1278). SDU. https://opmaat.sdu.nl/book/SDU_SDU_COMMENTAAR_c_EVRM_N10008_10/c-EVRM-N10008-10

2019

Scholarly publications

Gerards, J. H. (2019). Uniformity and the European Court of Human Rights. In K. Lemmens, S. Parmentier, & L. Reyntjens (Eds.), Human Rights with a Human Touch: Liber Amicorum Paul Lemmens (pp. 575-592). Intersentia.
Gerards, J. H. (2019). Grondrechten in de platformeconomie. In J. H. Gerards, & A. C. V. Schaik (Eds.), Digitalisering, vermogensrecht, de platformeconomie en grondrechten: Preadviezen Nederlandse Vereniging voor Burgerlijk Recht 2019 (pp. 95-197). (Preadviezen Vereniging voor Burgerlijk Recht). Uitgeverij Paris.
https://dspace.library.uu.nl/bitstream/handle/1874/387709/Preadvies_VBR_Gerards_2019.pdf?sequence=1
Gerards, J. H. (2019). Advisory Opinion: European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR). In R. Wolfrum, & H. Ruiz Fabri (Eds.), Max Planck Encyclopedias of International Procedural Law (Max Planck Encyclopedias of International Law). Oxford University Press. https://opil.ouplaw.com/view/10.1093/law-mpeipro/e3082.013.3082/law-mpeipro-e3082?rskey=kE2wZR&result=1&prd=MPIL
Gerards, J. H., & Mak, C., (2019). Noot bij HvJ EU 22 januari 2019, C-193/17, Cresco Investigation, EHRC 2019/66, 7 p.
https://dspace.library.uu.nl/bitstream/handle/1874/384185/Noot_Gerards_en_Mak_bij_EHRC1904.pdf?sequence=1
Gerards, J. H. (2019). General Principles of the European Convention on Human Rights. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108652926
Vetzo, M., & Gerards, J. H. (2019). Algoritme-gedreven technologieën en grondrechten. Computerrecht, (1), 10-19. [3].
https://dspace.library.uu.nl/bitstream/handle/1874/380128/Vetzo_Gerards_2019_Algoritme_gedreven_technologieen_en_grondrechten.pdf?sequence=1

Professional publications

Gerards, J. H. (2019). Een juridische onderzoeksmaster volgen - dat moet je doen! Ars Aequi, 2019(december), 1024-1027.
https://dspace.library.uu.nl/bitstream/handle/1874/388900/AA20191024.pdf?sequence=1
Gerards, J. H. (2019). The fundamental rights challenges of algorithms. Netherlands Quarterly of Human Rights, 37(3), 205-209. https://doi.org/10.1177/0924051919861773

2018

Scholarly publications

Gerards, J. H. (2018). Margin of Appreciation and Incrementalism in the Case Law of the European Court of Human Rights. Human Rights Law Review, 18(3). https://doi.org/10.1093/hrlr/ngy017
Vetzo, M., Gerards, J. H., & Nehmelman, R. (2018). Algoritmes en grondrechten. (Montaigne Centrum voor Rechtsstaat en Rechtspleging; Vol. 80). Boom Juridisch. https://www.uu.nl/sites/default/files/rebo-montaigne-algoritmes_en_grondrechten.pdf
Greer, S., Gerards, J. H., & Slowe, R. (2018). Human rights in the Council of Europe and the European Union: Achievements, Trends and Challenges . (Cambridge Studies in European Law and Policy). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781139179041
Gerards, J. H. (2018). Rechtseenheid en het EHRM. Ars Aequi, 67(2), 151-159. [AA20180151]. https://arsaequi.nl/product/rechtseenheid-en-het-ehrm/
https://dspace.library.uu.nl/bitstream/handle/1874/362862/gerards.pdf?sequence=1

Professional publications

Gerards, J. H., (2018). Annotatie bij EHRM 11 september 2018, Kasat / Turkije, No. 230, (European Human Rights Cases).
Gerards, J. H., (2018). Annotatie bij EHRM (GK) 25 september 2018, Denisov / Oekraine, No. 245, (European Human Rights Cases).
Gerards, J. H., (2018). Annotatie bij HvJ 11 september 2018, IR/JQ, No. 214, (European Human Rights Cases).
Gerards, J. H., (2018). Annotatie bij HvJ EU 17 april 2018, Egenberger, No. 127, (European Human Rights Cases).
Gerards, J. H. (2018, Jul 11). Protocol 16: baat het niet, dan schaadt het ook niet? http://blog.montaignecentre.com/index.php/967/protocol-16-evrm-baat-het-niet-dan-schaadt-het-ook-niet/
Gerards, J. H., (2018). Annotatie bij EHRM 20 maart 2018, Radomilja t. Kroatie, 7 p., (SDU uitgevers; No. EHRC 2018/117).
Gerards, J. H. (2018). Chapter 37. Reservations. In P. van Dijk, F. van Hoof, A. van Rijn, & L. Zwaak (Eds.), Theory and Practice of the European Convention on Human Rights (5 ed., pp. 1103-1118). Intersentia.
Gerards, J. H. (2018). Chapter 30. Prohibition of Discrimination. In P. van Dijk, F. van Hoof, A. van Rijn, & L. Zwaak (Eds.), Theory and Practice of the European Convention on Human Rights (5 ed., pp. 997-1028). Intersentia.
Gerards, J. H. (2018). Chapter 22. Prohibition of Expulsion of Nationals. In P. van Dijk, F. van Hoof, A. van Rijn, & L. Zwaak (Eds.), Theory and Practice of the European Convention on Human Rights (5 ed., pp. 929-932). Intersentia.
Gerards, J. H. (2018). Chapter 21. Freedom of Movement. In P. van Dijk, F. van Hoof, A. van Rijn, & L. Zwaak (Eds.), Theory and Practice of the European Convention on Human Rights (5 ed., pp. 933-944). Intersentia.
Gerards, J. H. (2018). Chapter 6. Right to Life. In P. van Dijk, F. van Hoof, A. van Rijn, & L. Zwaak (Eds.), Theory and Practice of the European Convention on Human Rights (5 ed., pp. 353-380). Intersentia.
Gerards, J. H. (2018). Chapter 5. Relationship Between the Convention and the EU. In P. van Dijk, F. van Hoof, A. van Rijn, & L. Zwaak (Eds.), Theory and Practice of the European Convention on Human Rights (5 ed., pp. 331). Intersentia.
Gerards, J. H., (2018). Noot bij EHRM (Grote Kamer) 6 november 2017, Garib t. Nederland, 6 p., (European Human Rights Cases; Vol. 2018, No. 23).

Other output

Gerards, J. H. (Author), & Lambrecht, S. (Author). (2018). The final Copenhagen Declaration: fundamentally improved with a few remaining caveats. Web publication/site, Strasbourg Observers. https://strasbourgobservers.com/2018/04/18/the-final-copenhagen-declaration-fundamentally-improved-with-a-few-remaining-caveats/
Gerards, J. H. (Author). (2018). The draft Copenhagen Declaration and the Court’s dual role – the need for a different definition of subsidiarity and the margin of appreciation. Web publication/site, Strasbourg Observers. https://strasbourgobservers.com/2018/02/28/the-draft-copenhagen-declaration-and-the-courts-dual-role-the-need-for-a-different-definition-of-subsidiarity-and-the-margin-of-appreciation/
Gerards, J. H. (Author), & Lambrecht, S. (Author). (2018). The Draft Copenhagen Declaration: Food for Thought. Web publication/site, Strasbourg Observers. https://strasbourgobservers.com/2018/02/25/blog-seminar-the-draft-copenhagen-declaration-food-for-thought/

2017

Scholarly publications

Gerards, J. H. (2017). The Margin of Appreciation Doctrine, the Very Weighty Reasons Test and Grounds of Discrimination. In M. Balboni (Ed.), The European Convention on Human Rights and the Principle of Non-Discrimination (pp. 27-62). (La Ricerca del Diritto nella Comunita Internazionale - The Search for Law in the International Community). Editoriale Scientifica.
Gerards, J. H. (2017). The Paradox of the European Convention on Human Rights and the European Court of Human Rights’ Transformative Power. Kutafin University Law Review, 4(2), 315-334. https://doi.org/10.17803/2313-5395.2017.2.8.315-333
https://dspace.library.uu.nl/bitstream/handle/1874/356736/Gerards_2017_The_Paradox_of_the_ECHR_and_the_ECtHR_s_transformative_power.pdf?sequence=1
Gerards, J. H. (2017). Nederlands en/of Engels? Taalkeuze met beleid in het Nederlands hoger onderwijs. KNAW. http://www.knaw.nl/taalbeleid
Gerards, J. H. (2017). The European Court of Human Rights. In A. Jakab, A. Dyevre, & G. Itzcovich (Eds.), Comparative Constitutional Reasoning (pp. 237-276). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781316084281.009
Gerards, J. H., & Glas, L. R. (2017). Access to justice in the Convention on Rights system. Netherlands Quarterly of Human Rights, 35(1), 11-30. https://doi.org/10.1177/0924051917693988
Gerards, J. H. (2017). Procedural Review by the ECtHR: A Typology. In J. Gerards, & E. Brems (Eds.), Procedural Review in European Fundamental Rights Cases (pp. 127-160). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781316874844.006

Professional publications

Stam, F. C., Bosma, N. S., Gerards, J. H., Geuijen, C. H. M., Meijer, A. J., Nehmelman, R., Raven, R. P. J. M., & Robeyns, I. A. M. (2017). Regionale sturing: inspelen op maatschappelijke uitdagingen. Utrecht University.
https://dspace.library.uu.nl/bitstream/handle/1874/360007/Stam_et_al_2017_Regionale_sturing_inspelen_op_maatschappelijke_uitdagingen.pdf?sequence=1
Gerards, J. H., (2017). Charles Gard t. het Verenigd Koninkrijk, EHRM 27 juni 2017 (ontv.), No. EHRC 2017/193, (European Human Rights Cases).
Gerards, J. H. (2017). Protocol 16 EVRM: advisering door het Europees Hof voor de Rechten van de Mens. Tijdschrift voor Constitutioneel Recht, 8(4), 307-322.
https://dspace.library.uu.nl/bitstream/handle/1874/407428/347TvCR_2017_4_Wetgeving_Gerards_Protocol_16_EVRM.pdf?sequence=1
Gerards, J. H. (2017). De donkere kant van de doe-democratie. Binnenlands Bestuur, 2017(22), 20-23.
Gerards, J. H. (2017). Noot bij HvJ EU 14 maart 2017, C-157/15, ECLI:EU:C:2017:203, Achbita t. G4S Solutions en bij HvJ EU 14 maart 2017, zaak C-188/15, ECLI:EU:C:2017:204, Bougnaoui t. Micropole. European Human Rights Cases, 2017(6), 314-319. [96].
Gerards, J. H. (2017). Impact Handvest Grondrechten EU groter dan voorzien. Advocatenblad, 2017(4), 54-57.
https://dspace.library.uu.nl/bitstream/handle/1874/407416/Gerards_2017_Impact_EU_Grondrechtenhandvest_groter_dan_voorzien.pdf?sequence=1
Gerards, J. H., (2017). Annotatie bij EHRM 24 januari 2017, Khamtokhu en Aksenchik t. Rusland, (European Human Rights Cases; No. 4).
Gerards, J., & Brems, E. (Eds.) (2017). Procedural review in European fundamental rights cases. Cambridge University Press.

Other output

Gerards, J. H. (Author). (2017). Het gezelschapsspel van het duiden van EHRM-rechtspraak, of het raadsel van Korošec t. Slovenië. Web publication/site, Montaigne Centre Blog. http://blog.montaignecentre.com/index.php/744/deskundigenserie-het-gezelschapsspel-van-het-duiden-van-ehrm-rechtspraak-of-het-raadsel-van-korosec-t-slovenie/
Gerards, J. H. (Author). (2017). Procedural review: a solution for the European Court of Human Rights' Problems?. Web publication/site, Montaigne Centre Blog. http://blog.montaignecentre.com/index.php/647/procedural-review-a-solution-for-the-european-court-of-human-rights-problems/
Gerards, J. H. (2017). Grondrechten onder spanning: Fundamentele rechten in een complexe samenleving. Universiteit Utrecht.
https://dspace.library.uu.nl/bitstream/handle/1874/348451/Gerards_Grondrechten_onder_spanning_Oratie_UU_2017.pdf?sequence=1
Gerards, J. H. (Author). (2017). Staatsrecht in verkiezingstijd: non-discriminatie. Web publication/site, Publiekrecht en Politiek. http://www.publiekrechtenpolitiek.nl/staatsrecht-in-verkiezingstijd-non-discriminatie/
Gerards, J. H. (Author). (2017). Staatsrecht in verkiezingstijd: voltooid leven. Web publication/site, Publiekrecht en Politiek. http://www.publiekrechtenpolitiek.nl/staatsrecht-in-verkiezingstijd-voltooid-leven/
Gerards, J. H. (Author). (2017). Staatsrecht in verkiezingstijd: is onze privacy in goede handen?. Web publication/site, Publiekrecht en Politiek. http://www.publiekrechtenpolitiek.nl/staatsrecht-in-verkiezingstijd-is-onze-privacy-in-goede-handen/

2016

Scholarly publications

Gerards, J. H. (2016). The Irrelevance of the Netherlands Constitution, and the Impossibility of Changing It. Revue Interdisciplinaire d'Etudes Juridiques , 77(2), 207-233. https://doi.org/10.3917/riej.077.0207
Gerards, J. H. (2016). De rechtskracht van niet-bindende uitspraken van verdragscomités op het terrein van de grondrechten. In J. H. Gerards, M. W. Scheltema, & A. R. Neerhof (Eds.), Hybride bestuursrecht: Preadviezen Vereniging voor Bestuursrecht (VAR) (pp. 11-85). Boom Juridisch.
https://dspace.library.uu.nl/bitstream/handle/1874/343755/rechtskracht.pdf?sequence=1
Huijbers, L. M., & Gerards, J. H. (2016). Procedurele toetsing. In R. Ortlep, F. Groothuijse, J. Kiewiet, & R. Nehmelman (Eds.), De rechter onder vuur (pp. 191-211). Wolf Legal Productions.
https://dspace.library.uu.nl/bitstream/handle/1874/414388/Gerards_Huijbers_2016_Procedureletoetsing.pdf?sequence=1
Gerards, J. H. (2016). Artikel 1 Grondwet – Goede gronden voor wijziging? Nederlands Tijdschrift voor de Mensenrechten, 41(3), 304-318.
https://dspace.library.uu.nl/bitstream/handle/1874/343704/2E_70B_8C_0C_B_40E_A_1E_34934C_90911D_C_A_C_2_pdf.pdf?sequence=2
Gerards, J. H. (2016). The Netherlands: Political Dynamics, Institutional Robustness. In P. Popelier, & S. Lambrechts (Eds.), Criticism of the European Court of Human Rights: Shifting the Convention System: Counter-dynamics at the National and EU Level (pp. 326-360). Intersentia.

Professional publications

Gerards, J. H., Scheltema, M. W., & Neerhof, A. R. (2016). Hybride bestuursrecht: Preadviezen. (1 ed.) (VAR Vereniging voor Bestuursrecht; Vol. 156). Boom Juridische Uitgevers.
Gerards, J. H., (2016). Annotatie bij HvJ EU 18 februari 2016 (Bank Mellat), No. C-176/13 P , 21 p., Feb 18, 2016. (European Human Rights Cases; Vol. 2016, No. 4).
Gerards, J. H., (2016). Annotatie bij EHRM 6 oktober 2015 (Müdür Duman t. Turkije), No. 15450/03, 7 p., Oct 06, 2015. (European Human Rights Cases; Vol. 2016, No. 1).
Gerards, J. H., (2016). Annotatie bij EHRM 3 december 2015 (Mytilinaios en Kostakis t. Griekenland), No. 29389/11, 10 p., Dec 03, 2015. (European Human Rights Cases; Vol. 2016, No. 3).
Gerards, J. H., (2016). Annotatie bij EHRM 23 februari 2016 (Garib t. Nederland), No. 43494/09 , 18 p., Feb 23, 2016. (European Human Rights Cases).
Gerards, J. H., (2016). Annotatie bij EHRM 22 maart 2016 (Sousa Goucha t. Portugal), No. 70434/12, 12 p., Mar 22, 2016. (European Human Rights Cases).
Gerards, J. H., (2016). Annotatie bij EHRM 16 februari 2016 (Ärtztekammer für Wien and Dorner t. Oostenrijk), No. 8895/10, 15 p., Feb 16, 2016. (European Human Rights Cases), (European Human Rights Cases; Vol. 2016, No. 101).
Gerards, J. H. (2016). Levensbericht Thijmen Koopmans. In Levensberichten en herdenkingen 2016 (pp. 37-46). KNAW.