Dr. Joras Ferwerda

Adam Smith Hall (AA)
Kriekenpitplein 21-22
Kamer 1.14
3584 EC Utrecht

Dr. Joras Ferwerda

Associate Professor
Applied Economics
+31 30 253 9553
j.ferwerda@uu.nl

Publications

2025

Scholarly publications

Longobucco, A., & Ferwerda, J. (2025). Fighting Corruption with Artificial Intelligence: Searching for Suitable Public Procurement Data in the EU. (Bridgegap Working Paper Series; Vol. 25, No. 01). [Portal]
Jensen, R. I. T., Ferwerda, J., & Wewer, C. R. (2025). Searching for Smurfs: Testing if Money Launderers Know Alert Thresholds. Journal of Quantitative Criminology. Advance online publication. [DOI]
Boumans, M., Ferwerda, J., Goldenberg, M. J., Leonelli, S., Russo, F., Traag, V., & Wardekker, A. (2025). Fostering trustworthy information: Countering disinformation when there are no bare facts. Royal Society Open Science, 12(6), Article 250654. [DOI] [Portal]

2024

Scholarly publications

Ferwerda, J., & Reuter, P. (2024). National assessments of money laundering risks: Stumbling at the start. Risk Analysis, 44(9), 2001-2007. [DOI] [Portal]
Jensen, R. I. T., Gerlings, J., & Ferwerda, J. (2024). Do Awareness Campaigns Reduce Financial Fraud? European Journal of Criminal Policy and Research, 1. Advance online publication. [DOI]
Rossel Flores, L., Huysmans, M., & Ferwerda, J. (2024). The political business cycle of tax reforms. Public Choice, 200(1-2), 65-88. [DOI] [Portal]

Professional publications

Heinze, A., Dudau, A., & Ferwerda, J. (2024). Corruption et IA : Comprendre les intersections et le nouveau défi pour l’humanité. Survey Magazine, 100-101. [Repository]

2023

Scholarly publications

Brom, D., de Gruijter, D., Ferwerda, J., & Unger, B. (2023). Gebakken lucht – Identifying Illicit Financial Flows of Oil and Gas Corporations from Africa through the Netherlands. (2 ed.) (pp. 23-47). (Der öffentliche Sektor - The Public Sector). TU Wien. [DOI] [Repository]
Jensen, R. I. T., Ferwerda, J., Jorgensen, K. S., Jensen, E. R., Borg, M., Krogh, M. P., Jensen, J. B., & Iosifidis, A. (2023). A synthetic data set to benchmark anti-money laundering methods. Scientific data, 10(1), 1-10. Article 661. [DOI] [Repository]
Ferwerda, J. (2023). Are Dark Number Estimates of Crime Feasible and Useful? In Organized Crime in the 21st Century: Motivations, Opportunities, and Constraints (pp. 227-236). Springer. [DOI] [Repository]

2022

Scholarly publications

Gerbrands, P., Unger, B., Getzner, M., & Ferwerda, J. (2022). The effect of anti-money laundering policies: an empirical network analysis. EPJ Data Science, 11(1), Article 15. [DOI] [Repository]
Rossel, L., Unger, B., & Ferwerda, J. (2022). Shedding light inside the black box of implementation: Tax crimes as a predicate crime for money laundering. Regulation and Governance, 16(3), 781-800. [DOI] [Repository]
Gerbrands, P., Unger, B., & Ferwerda, J. (2022). Bilateral responsive regulation and international tax competition: An agent‐based simulation. Regulation and Governance, 16(3), 760-780. [DOI] [Repository]
Aziani, A., Ferwerda, J., & Riccardi, M. (2022). Who are our owners? Exploring the ownership links of businesses to identify illicit financial flows. European Journal of Criminology, 19(6), 1542-1573. [DOI] [Repository]

Professional publications

Ferwerda, J., & Reuter, P. (2022). National Assessments of Money Laundering Risks : Learning from Eight Advanced Countries’ NRAs. (Equitable Growth, Finance & Institutions Insight). World Bank. https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/37305 [Repository]

2021

Scholarly publications

Ferwerda, J. (2021). Next-Level Research By Generation Next. Public Note, Special Issue(Undergraduate Research Symposium). http://www.public-note.com/preface-urs-525230-233122-209711-689959.html
Unger, B., Rossel Flores, L. E., & Ferwerda, J. (2021). Conclusions. In B. Unger, L. Rossel Flores, & J. Ferwerda (Eds.), Combating Fiscal Fraud and Empowering Regulators: Bringing tax money back into the COFFERS (pp. 311-329). Oxford University Press. [DOI] [Repository]
Ferwerda, J., & Unger, B. (2021). How Big are Illicit Financial Flows? The Hot Phase of IFF Estimations. In B. Unger, L. Rossel Flores, & J. Ferwerda (Eds.), Combating Fiscal Fraud and Empowering Regulators: Bringing tax money back into the COFFERS (pp. 75-88). Oxford University Press. [DOI] [Repository]
Unger, B., Rossel Flores, L. E., & Ferwerda, J. (2021). Introduction. In B. Unger, L. Rossel Flores, & J. Ferwerda (Eds.), Combating Fiscal Fraud and Empowering Regulators: Bringing tax money back into the COFFERS (pp. 1-8). Oxford University Press. [DOI] [Repository]
Unger, B., Rossel Flores, L. E., & Ferwerda, J. (2021). Combating Fiscal Fraud and Empowering Regulators: Bringing tax money back into the COFFERS. Oxford University Press. [DOI] [Repository]
Lindenbergh, V. M., Kleemans, E. R., & Ferwerda, J. (2021). Activities, Access Control, and Crime: a Quasi-Experimental Study regarding Entry Gates at Train Stations in the Netherlands. European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research, 27(4), 517-532. [DOI] [Repository]

2020

Scholarly publications

Ferwerda, J., van Saase, A. T. L., Unger, B., & Getzner, M. (2020). Estimating money laundering flows with a gravity model‑based simulation. Scientific Reports, 10, Article 18552 . [DOI] [Repository]

Professional publications

Celik, K., Zuccardi, I. E., Ferwerda, J., & Sevinc, D. (2020). What do National Risk Assessments on Money Laundering Tell Us? A Quantitative Analysis. Internal World Bank report.

2019

Scholarly publications

Imanpour, M., Rosenkranz, S., Westbrock, B., Unger, B., & Ferwerda, J. (2019). A microeconomic foundation for optimal money laundering policies. International Review of Law and Economics, 60, Article 105856. [DOI] [Repository]
Ferwerda, J. (2019). Criminological Perspectives on Money Laundering: The Efficiency of Anti-Money Laundering Policies. In V. Mitsilegas, S. Hufnagel, & A. Moiseienko (Eds.), Research Handbook on Transnational Crime (pp. 112-121). Edward Elgar Publishing. [DOI]
Ferwerda, J., Deleanu, I. S., & Unger, B. (2019). Strategies to avoid blacklisting: The case of statistics on money laundering. PLoS One, 14(6), Article e0218532. [DOI] [Repository]
Ferwerda, J., & Reuter, P. (2019). Learning from Money Laundering National Risk Assessments: The Case of Italy and Switzerland. European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research, 25(1), 5-20. [DOI] [Repository]
Ferwerda, J., & Kleemans, E. R. (2019). Estimating Money Laundering Risks: An Application to Business Sectors in the Netherlands. European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research, 25(1), 45-62. [DOI] [Repository]

2018

Scholarly publications

Unger, B., Ferwerda, J., Koetsier, I., Gjoleka, B., van Saase, A. T. L., Slot, B., & de Swart, L. (2018). Aard en omvang van criminele bestedingen. Utrecht University. [Repository]
Ferwerda, J. (2018). The Effectiveness of Anti-Money Laundering Policy: A Cost-Benefit Perspective. In C. King, C. Walker, & J. Gurulé (Eds.), The Palgrave Handbook of Criminal and Terrorism Financing Law (pp. 317-344). Palgrave Macmillan. [DOI] [Repository]

2017

Scholarly publications

Savona, E., Riccardi, M., Ferwerda, J., Kleemans, E. R., & others, A. (2017). Assessing the risk of money laundering in Europe: Final Report of Project IARM. Transcrime. http://www.transcrime.it/iarm/wp-content/uploads/sites/5/2017/05/ProjectIARM-FinalReport.pdf [Repository]
Ferwerda, J. (2017). The Fight against Money Laundering: A Public Task? In B. Unger, D. van der Linde, & M. Getzner (Eds.), Public or Private Goods?: Redefining Res Publica (pp. 37-94). Edward Elgar Publishing. [DOI]
Ferwerda, J., Deleanu, I. S., & Unger, B. (2017). Corruption in Public Procurement: Finding the Right Indicators. European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research, 23(2), 245-267. [DOI] [Repository]

2016

Scholarly publications

van der Veen, H., & Ferwerda, J. (2016). Verkenning methoden en data National Risk Assessment Witwassen en Terrorismefinanciering. (Cahiers; Vol. 2016-12). WODC, Ministerie van Veiligheid en Justitie. [Repository]
Ferwerda, J., & Unger, B. (2016). Organised crime infiltration in the Netherlands: Transportation companies hiding transit crimes. In E. Savona, M. Riccardi, & G. Berlusconi (Eds.), Organised crime in European businesses (pp. 35-50). Article 3 (Routledge studies in crime and society; Vol. 22). Routledge. [DOI] [Repository]

Professional publications

van Gelder, J. W., van Koningsveld, T. J., Ferwerda, J., & de Wilde, J. (2016). Tax avoidance by mining companies in developing countries: An analysis of potential Dutch policy initiatives. Profundo. https://profundo.nl/projects/tax-avoidance-by-mining-companies-in-developing-countries/

Other output

Unger, B., & Ferwerda, J. (2016). Hoogleraar kiest zelf haar opvolger in witwasonderzoek. Web publication/site, DUB (UU). http://www.dub.uu.nl/artikel/achtergrond/hoogleraar-kiest-zelf-haar-opvolger-witwasonderzoek.html [Repository]
Ferwerda, J. (2016). 'Biljet van 500 euro moet afgeschaft worden'. Web publication/site, nos.nl. http://nos.nl/artikel/2086506-biljet-van-500-euro-moet-afgeschaft-worden.html

2015

Scholarly publications

Groot, L., & Ferwerda, J. (2015). Soccer jersey sponsors and the world cup. International Journal of Sports Marketing and Sponsorship, 16(5), 2-19. [DOI] [Repository]

Professional publications

Ferwerda, J., & Unger, B. (2015). From illegal markets to legitimate businesses: the portfolio of organised crime in Europe: Final Report of Project OCP – Organised Crime Portfolio. Transcrime. http://www.ocportfolio.eu/
Ferwerda, J., & Unger, B. (2015). Hoe Effectief is het Anti-Witwasbeleid in elke EU lidstaat? Justitiële Verkenningen, 1(15), 117-136. http://wodc.nl/onderzoeksdatabase/jv201501-misdaadgeld-witwassen-en-ontnemen.aspx?cp=44&cs=6797 [Repository]

2014

Scholarly publications

Unger, B., & Ferwerda, J. (2014). Threat of money laundering. In The Economic and Legal Effectiveness of the European Union's Anti-Money Laundering Policy (pp. 9-19). Edward Elgar Publishing. [DOI] [Portal]
Ferwerda, J. (2014). Collection of statistics. In The Economic and Legal Effectiveness of the European Union's Anti-Money Laundering Policy (pp. 162-186). Edward Elgar Publishing. [DOI] [Portal]
Deleanu, I., & Ferwerda, J. (2014). Effectiveness: Threat and corresponding policy response. In The Economic and Legal Effectiveness of the European Union's Anti-Money Laundering Policy (pp. 187-204). Edward Elgar Publishing. [DOI] [Portal]
Ferwerda, J. (2014). Definitions of money laundering in practice. In The Economic and Legal Effectiveness of the European Union's Anti-Money Laundering Policy (pp. 87-96). Edward Elgar Publishing. [DOI] [Portal]
Groot, L. F. M., & Ferwerda, J. (2014). Soccer jersey sponsors and the world cup. (Discussion Paper Series / Tjalling C. Koopmans Research Institute ; Vol. 14, No. 07). UU USE Tjalling C. Koopmans Research Institute. [Repository]
Unger, B., Ferwerda, J., van den Broek, M., & Deleanu, I. (2014). The Economic and Legal Effectiveness of the European Union’s Anti-Money Laundering Policy. Edward Elgar Publishing. [DOI]

Professional publications

Ferwerda, J., & Groot, L. F. M. (2014). Het WK van Shirtsponsors (The World Championship of Jersey Sponsors). Economisch Statistische Berichten, 99-4686, 344-347.

Popularising publications

Groot, L. F. M., & Ferwerda, J. (2014). Meer kans op WK-succes met shirt van Adidas? Het parool.

Other output

Groot, L. F. M., & Ferwerda, J. (2014). Het WK van shirtsponsors. Web publication/site, ESB online. http://www.economie.nl/artikel/het-wk-van-shirtsponsor

2013

Scholarly publications

Ferwerda, J., van den Broek, M., Addink, G., Deleanu, I., Unger, B., & Walker, J. (2013). The Economic and Legal Effectiveness of Anti-Money Laundering and Counter Terrorism Financing Policy in the EU (ECOLEF). European Commission.
Ferwerda, J., & Deleanu, I. (2013). Identifying and Reducing Corruption in Public Procurement in the EU. European Commission, OLAF. [Repository]
Ferwerda, J., & Unger, B. (2013). Detecting Money Laundering in the Real Estate Sector. In B. Unger, & D. van der Linde (Eds.), Research Handbook on Money Laundering (pp. 21). Edward Elgar Publishing.
Ferwerda, J. (2013). The Effects of Money Laundering. In B. Unger, & D. van der Linde (Eds.), Research Handbook on Money Laundering (pp. 3). Edward Elgar Publishing.
Ferwerda, J., Kattenberg, M. A. C., Chang, H. H., Unger, B., Groot, L. F. M., & Bikker, J. A. (2013). Gravity models of trade-based money laundering. Applied Economics, 45(22), 3170-3182. [DOI]
Ferwerda, J. (2013). The Economics of Crime and Money Laundering: Does Anti-Money Laundering Policy Reduce Crime? In N. Beekarry (Ed.), Combating Money Laundering and Terrorism Finance: Past and Current Challenges (pp. 3). Edward Elgar Publishing.

2012

Scholarly publications

Ferwerda, J. (2012). The Multidisciplinary Economics of Money Laundering. [Doctoral thesis 1 (Research UU / Graduation UU), Utrecht University]. Utrecht University. [Repository]
Ferwerda, J. (2012). The Multidisciplinary Economics of Money Laundering. (Tjalling C. Koopmans Dissertation series ed.) Ridderprint.

2011

Scholarly publications

Unger, B., Ferwerda, J., Nelen, H., & Ritzen, L. (2011). Money laundering in the real estate sector: Suspicious properties. Edward Elgar Publishing. [DOI]
Ferwerda, J., Kattenberg, M., Chang, H.-H., Unger, B., Groot, L., & Bikker, J. (2011). Gravity Models of Trade-Based Money Laundering. (DNB Working Paper; Vol. 318). DNB. [Repository]
Ferwerda, J., Kattenberg, M. A. C., Chang, H.-S., Unger, B., Groot, L. F. M., & Bikker, J. A. (2011). Gravity Models of Trade-based Money Laundering. (Discussion Paper Series / Tjalling C. Koopmans Research Institute; Vol. 11, No. 16). UU USE Tjalling C. Koopmans Research Institute. [Repository]
Unger, B., & Ferwerda, J. (2011). Money Laundering in the Real Estate Sector. Edward Elgar Publishing.

Professional publications

Bikker, J. A., Ferwerda, J., & Unger, B. (2011). Witwassen door Misbruik Internationale Handel. Economisch Statistische Berichten, 96(4621), 650-652.

2010

Scholarly publications

Ferwerda, J., Unger, B., Nelen, H., Ritzen, L., & Trouw, J. (2010). Detecting Criminal Investments in the Dutch Real Estate Sector. Dutch Ministry of Finance.
Ferwerda, J., Deleanu, I., & Unger, B. (2010). Revaluating the Tanzi-Model to Estimate the Underground Economy. (Discussion Paper Series / Tjalling C. Koopmans Research Institute; Vol. 10, No. 04). UU USE Tjalling C. Koopmans Research Institute. [Repository]

2009

Scholarly publications

Unger, B., & Ferwerda, J. (2009). Regulating Money Laundering and Tax Havens: The Role of Blacklisting. In A. Sabitha (Ed.), Combating Money Laundering – Transnational Perspectives ICFAI University Press.
Ferwerda, J. (2009). The Economics of Crime and Money Laundering: Does Anti-Money Laundering Policy Reduce Crime? Review of Law and Economics, 5(2), 903-929.

2008

Scholarly publications

Ferwerda, J. (2008). The Economics of Crime and Money Laundering: Does Anti-Money Laundering Policy Reduce Crime? ( Discussion Paper Series / Tjalling C. Koopmans Research Institute; Vol. 08, No. 35). UU USE Tjalling C. Koopmans Research Institute. [Repository]
Unger, B., & Ferwerda, J. (2008). Regulating Money Laundering and Tax Havens: The Role of Blacklisting. (Discussion Paper Series / Tjalling C. Koopmans Research Institute; Vol. 08, No. 12). UU USE Tjalling C. Koopmans Research Institute. [Repository]

2007

Scholarly publications

Unger, B., Ferwerda, J., & Siegel, M. (2007). Measuring Money Laundering for Australia and the Netherlands. In B. Unger (Ed.), The Scale and Impacts of Money Laundering (pp. 57-89). Edward Elgar Publishing.

2006

Scholarly publications

Unger, B., Rawlings, G., Siegel, M., Ferwerda, J., de Kruijf, W., Busuioc, E. M., & Woke, K. (2006). The Amounts and Effects of Money Laundering. Ministerie van Financiën.