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Dr. mr. Alexandra Timmer LLM

Associate Professor 
Law, Economics and Governance
Utrecht University School of Law
International and European Law
International and European Law
Achter Sint Pieter 200
Achter Sint Pieter 200
3512 HT Utrecht

Dr. mr. Alexandra Timmer LLM

Associate Professor
International and European Law
a.s.h.timmer@uu.nl
Profile Publications Activities Prizes In the media Teaching Ancillary activities Contact
Profile Publications Activities Prizes In the media Teaching Ancillary activities Contact
Areas of expertise
Research areas

Publications

2023

Scholarly publications

Timmer, A. (2023). Editorial: Mainstreaming Equality in EU Law and Beyond. Utrecht Law Review. https://doi.org/10.36633/ulr.997
Verhoeven, L., & Timmer, A. (2023). Putting Women’s Rights to Work: The Participation of Women on Company Boards as a Human Rights Law Issue. In I. Krstić, M. Evola, & M. I. Ribes Moreno (Eds.), Legal Issues of International Law from a Gender Perspective (1 ed., pp. 153-177). (Gender Perspectives in Law; Vol. 3). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-13459-3_8
https://dspace.library.uu.nl/bitstream/handle/1874/436287/978-3-031-13459-3_8.pdf?sequence=1

Professional publications

Böök, B., Burri, S., Timmer, A., & Senden, L. (2023). A comparative analysis of gender equality law in Europe 2022. European Commission. https://www.equalitylaw.eu/downloads/5804-a-comparative-analysis-of-gender-equality-law-in-europe-2022-1-82-mb
https://dspace.library.uu.nl/bitstream/handle/1874/426556/EELN_A_comparative_analysis_of_gender_equality_law_in_Europe_2022.pdf?sequence=1

2022

Scholarly publications

Timmer, A., & Sosa, L. (2022). Los estereotipos en la jurisprudencia del Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos. In F. J. Arena (Ed.), Manual sobre los efectos de los estereotipos en la impartición de justicia (pp. 49-110). Suprema Corte de Justicia de la México.
https://dspace.library.uu.nl/bitstream/handle/1874/420337/Los_estereotipos_en_la_jurisprudencia_del_Tribunal_Europeo_de_Derechos_Humanos.pdf?sequence=1

Professional publications

Timmer, A., & Holtmaat, H. M. T. (2022). Article 5. In P. Schulz, R. Halperin-Kaddari, B. Rudolf, & M. Freeman (Eds.), The UN Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women and its Optional Protocol: A Commentary (2 ed.). Oxford University Press.
Timmer, A., (2022). Tapayeva e.a. t. Rusland (EHRM, 24757/18) – Patrilineaire praktijken die duiden op structurele discriminatie https://www.ehrc-updates.nl/commentaar/211926?skip_boomportal_auth=1
Timmer, A., Senden, L., Böök, B., & Burri, S. (2022). A comparative analysis of gender equality law in Europe 2021: The 27 EU Member States, Albania, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Norway, Serbia, Turkey and the United Kingdom compared. Publications Office of the European Union. https://doi.org/10.2838/63140

2021

Scholarly publications

Timmer, A., Baumgärtel, M., Kotzé, L., & Slingenberg, L. (2021). The potential and pitfalls of the vulnerability concept for human rights. Netherlands Quarterly of Human Rights, 39(3), 190-197. https://doi.org/10.1177/09240519211048009
Timmer, A., & van der Meulen, L. (2021). Feminisme in de Raad van Europa: een Analyse van de Aanbeveling over het Voorkomen en Bestrijden van Seksisme. In E. Brems, P. Cannoot, & L. Stevens (Eds.), Recht en Gender in België: 10 Jaar Later (pp. 185-205). Die Keure.

Professional publications

Timmer, A., Böök, B., Burri, S. D., & Senden, L. (2021). A comparatieve analysis of gender equality law in Europe 2020: The 27 EU Member States, Albania, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Norway, Serbia, Turkey and the United Kingdom compared . European Commission. https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/fc350c8a-b9e0-11eb-8aca-01aa75ed71a1

2020

Scholarly publications

Böök, B. A., van Hoof, F. C. J., Senden, L. A. J., & Timmer, A. S. H. (2020). Gendering the COVID-19 crisis: a mapping of its impact and call for action in light of EU gender equality law and policy. European Equality Law Review, 2020(2), 22-44.
Sosa, L. P. A., & Timmer, A. S. H. (2020). Conceptual underpinnings of the EU’s commitment to human rights. In J. Wouters, M. Nowak, A.-L. Chané, & N. Hachez (Eds.), The European Union and Human Rights: Law and Policy (pp. 62-78). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198814191.003.0004
Oomen, B., & Timmer, A. (2020). Four Or Fewer Freedoms: Justice Contested And Codified Between 1941 And 1957. In T. Knijn , & D. Lepianka (Eds.), Justice and Vulnerability in Europe: An Interdisciplinary Approach. (pp. 73 - 89 ). Cheltenham, Edward Elgar. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781839108488.00012

Professional publications

Burri, S. D., Senden, L. A. J., & Timmer, A. S. H. (2020). A comparative analysis of gender equality law in Europe 2019: A comparative analysis of the implementation of EU gender equality law in the EU Member States, Albania, North Macedonia, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Montenegro, Norway, Serbia and Turkey. Publications Office of the European Union. https://doi.org/10.2838/581476

2019

Scholarly publications

Timmer, A. S. H. (2019). Seksediscriminatie onder artikel 14 EVRM: over principes, pragmatisme en problemen. Nederlands Tijdschrift voor de Mensenrechten, 44(4), 391-412.
https://dspace.library.uu.nl/bitstream/handle/1874/394415/seksediscriminatie.pdf?sequence=1

Professional publications

Timmer, A. S. H., & Senden, L. A. J. (2019). A comparative analysis of gender equality law in Europe 2018: a comparative analysis of the implementation of EU gender equality law in the EU Member States, the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Montenegro, Norway, Serbia and Turkey. Publications Office of the European Union. https://doi.org/10.2838/311157
Timmer, A. S. H., & van den Brink, J., (2019). ABRvS 31-10-2018, 10 p., (AB Rechtspraak Bestuursrecht; Vol. 2019, No. 259).

2018

Professional publications

Granger, M. P., Oomen, B., Salát, O., Theuns, T., & Timmer, A. (2018). Justice in Europe Institutionalized: Legal Complexity and the Rights of Vulnerable Persons, report for the ETHOS project. ETHOS project, funded by European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No. 727112. https://ethos-europe.eu/report-justice-in-europe-institutionalized-legal-complexity-and-rights-vulnerable-persons
Oomen, B., & Timmer, A. (2018). Report on Four or Fewer Freedoms: Contested conceptions of justice in Europe between 1941 and 1957. ETHOS project, funded by European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No. 727112.
https://dspace.library.uu.nl/bitstream/handle/1874/383577/d3.2_website_report_complete.pdf?sequence=1
Timmer, A. S. H., & Senden, L. A. J. (2018). A comparative analysis of gender equality law in Europe 2017: A comparative analysis of the implementation of EU gender equality law in the EU Member States, the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Montenegro, Norway, Serbia and Turkey. Publications Office of the European Union. https://doi.org/10.2838/697177
https://dspace.library.uu.nl/bitstream/handle/1874/377332/Comparative.pdf?sequence=1
Timmer, A. S. H., & Senden, L. A. J. (2018). Gender equality law in Europe 2017: How are EU rules transposed into national law in 2017? Publications Office of the European Union. https://doi.org/10.2838/747938
https://dspace.library.uu.nl/bitstream/handle/1874/377331/Gender.pdf?sequence=1

Popularising publications

Timmer, A. S. H. (2018). Het feminisme boekt winst dankzij de EU – alleen weinigen zien het. Web publication/site, NRC.nl. https://www.nrc.nl/nieuws/2018/01/19/het-feminisme-boekt-winst-dankzij-de-eu-alleen-weinigen-zien-dat-ook-a1589019
Timmer, A. S. H. (2018). Of Firearms and Weak Women: sex discrimination in Hülya Ebru Demirel v. Turkey. Web publication/site https://strasbourgobservers.com/2018/07/31/of-firearms-and-weak-women-sex-discrimination-in-hulya-ebru-demirel-v-turkey/

2017

Professional publications

Timmer, A. S. H., Chopin, I., & Zwamborn, M. (2017). Introduction on the state of play. (European Equality Law Review; Vol. 2017, No. 1). Publications Office of the European Union. https://www.equalitylaw.eu/downloads/4236-european-equality-law-review-1-2017-pdf-1-616-kb
https://dspace.library.uu.nl/bitstream/handle/1874/362294/web_EELR_2017_1.pdf?sequence=1
Timmer, A. S. H., Chopin, I., & Zwamborn, M. (2017). Introduction on the state of play. (European equality law review; Vol. 2017, No. 2). Publications Office of the European Union. https://www.equalitylaw.eu/downloads/4484-european-equality-law-review-2-2017-pdf-1-818-kb
https://dspace.library.uu.nl/bitstream/handle/1874/362293/4dec_WEB_EELR_2017_2.pdf?sequence=1

2016

Scholarly publications

Timmer, A. S. H. (2016). Gender Stereotyping in the Case Law of the EU Court of Justice. European Equality Law Review, (1), 37-46. http://www.equalitylaw.eu/downloads/3867-european-equality-law-review-1-2015-pdf-1-309-kb
Brems, E., & Timmer, A. S. H. (2016). Introduction. In E. Brems, & A. Timmer (Eds.), Stereotyping and Human Rights Law (pp. 1-9). Intersentia.
Peroni, L., & Timmer, A. S. H. (2016). Gender Stereotyping in Domestic Violence Cases: An Analysis of the European Court of Human Rights’ Jurisprudence. In E. Brems, & A. Timmer (Eds.), Stereotyping and Human Rights Law (pp. 39-65). Intersentia.

Professional publications

Timmer, A. S. H., Sosa, L. P. A., & Häusler, K. (2016). Human rights, democracy and rule of law: Different organisations, different conceptions? European Commission. http://www.fp7-frame.eu/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/Deliverable-3.4.pdf
https://dspace.library.uu.nl/bitstream/handle/1874/346325/HumanrightsDeliverable_3.4.pdf?sequence=1
Timmer, A. S. H., Majtényi, B., & Sosa, L. P. A. (2016). Human rights concepts in EU Human Rights Dialogues. European Commission. http://www.fp7-frame.eu/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/Deliverable-3.5.pdf
https://dspace.library.uu.nl/bitstream/handle/1874/346324/HumanrifhtsDeliverable_3.5.pdf?sequence=1
Timmer, A. S. H., & Senden, L. A. J. (2016). A comparative analysis of gender equality law in Europe 2016: A comparative analysis of the implementation of EU gender equality law in the EU Member States, the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Montenegro, Norway, Serbia and Turkey. Publications Office of the European Union. https://doi.org/10.2838/652172
Timmer, A. S. H., Chopin, I., & Zwamborn, M. (2016). Introduction on the State of Play. European Equality Law Review, (1), v-vii. http://www.equalitylaw.eu/downloads/3867-european-equality-law-review-1-2015-pdf-1-309-kb
Timmer, A., (2016). Di Trizio t. Zwitserland, No. 7186/09, 43 p., Feb 02, 2016. (European Human Rights Cases).
https://dspace.library.uu.nl/bitstream/handle/1874/354873/trizio.pdf?sequence=1
Timmer, A. S. H., & Senden, L. A. J. (2016). A comparative analysis of gender equality law in Europe 2015: A comparative analysis of the implementation of EU gender equality law in the EU Member States, the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Montenegro, Norway, Serbia and Turkey. Publications Office of the European Union. https://doi.org/10.2838/955131
https://dspace.library.uu.nl/bitstream/handle/1874/348448/2015.pdf?sequence=1
Brems, E., & Timmer, A. S. H. (2016). Stereotyping and Human Rights Law. Intersentia.

2015

Scholarly publications

Häusler, K., & Timmer, A. S. H. (2015). Human Rights, Democracy and Rule of Law in EU External Action: Conceptualization and Practice. In W. Benedek, F. Benoît-Rohmer, M. Kettemann, B. Kneihs, & M. Nowak (Eds.), European Yearbook on Human Rights (Vol. 15, pp. 231-246). Intersentia.
Timmer, A. S. H. (2015). Judging Stereotypes: What the European Court of Human Rights Can Borrow from American and Canadian Equal Protection Law. American Journal of Comparative Law, 63(1), 239-284. https://doi.org/10.5131/AJCL.2015.0007

Professional publications

Abrisketa, J., Churruca, C., de la Cruz, C., Garciá, L., Márquez, C., Morondo, D., Nagore, M., Sosa, L. P. A., & Timmer, A. S. H. (2015). Report on the assessment of consistency in the prioritisation of human rights throughout EU policies, FRAME Deliverable 12.2. European Commission. http://www.fp7-frame.eu/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/FRAME-Deliverable-12.2-Submitted-30-July-2015.pdf
Sosa, L. P. A., & Timmer, A. S. H. (2015). Comparative analysis of conceptions of human rights, democracy and the rule of law in selected third countries, FRAME Deliverable 3.3. European Commission. https://doi.org/20.500.11825/109
https://dspace.library.uu.nl/bitstream/handle/1874/356759/conceptions.pdf?sequence=1

2014

Scholarly publications

Timmer, A., Majtényi, B., Häusler, K., & Salát, O. (2014). Report on the EU's Conceptualisation and Operationalisation of the Concepts of Human Rights, Democracy and Rule of Law, FRAME Deliverable 3.2. European Commission. http://www.fp7-frame.eu/wp-content/materiale/reports/10-Deliverable-3.2.pdf
Dibbets, A., Buyse, A., & Timmer, A. (2014). Onderzoeksrapport: De juridische gevolgen van ratificatie door Nederland van het Facultatief Protocol bij het Internationaal Verdrag inzake economische, sociale en culturele rechten. SIM/Universiteit Utrecht.
https://dspace.library.uu.nl/bitstream/handle/1874/308640/Onderzoeksrapport_SIM.pdf?sequence=1
Churruca Muguruza, C., Isa, F. G., San José, D. G., Fernández Sánchez, P. A., Márquez Carrasco, C., Muñoz Nogal, E., Nagore Casas, M., & Timmer, A. (2014). Report mapping legal and policy instruments of the EU for human rights and democracy support, FRAME Deliverable 12.1. European Commission.
https://dspace.library.uu.nl/bitstream/handle/1874/308635/05_Deliverable_12.1.pdf?sequence=1
den Houdijker, M., Uzman, J., & Timmer, A. (2014). Chroniques Strasbourgoises. NJCM-Bulletin, 39(2), 230-235.
den Houdijker, M., Uzman, J., & Timmer, A. (2014). Chroniques Strasbourgoises. NJCM-Bulletin, 39(3), 365-371.
den Houdijker, M., Uzman, J., & Timmer, A. (2014). Chroniques Strasbourgoises. NJCM-Bulletin, 39(4), 521–527.
den Houdijker, M., Uzman, J., & Timmer, A. (2014). Chroniques Strasbourgoises. NJCM-Bulletin, 39(5), 628 -633.

Professional publications

Timmer, A. (2014). Proefschriftsamenvatting: Strengthening the Equality Analysis of the European Court of human Rights. Tijdschrift voor Genderstudies, 17(1), 100-102.

2013

Scholarly publications

Timmer, A. (2013). Report state-of-the-art literature review human rights, democracy and the rule of law, FRAME Deliverable 3.1. European Commission. http://www.fp7-frame.eu/wp-content/materiale/reports/01-Deliverable-3.1.pdf
Timmer, A. (2013). A Quiet Revolution: Vulnerability in the European Court of Human Rights. In M. Fineman, & A. Grear (Eds.), Vulnerability: Reflections on a New Ethical Foundation for Law and Politics (pp. 147-170). Ashgate.
Peroni, L., & Timmer, A. (2013). Vulnerable Groups: the Promise of an Emergent Concept in European Human Rights Convention Law. International Journal of Constitutional Law, (11), 1056-1085.

2012

Scholarly publications

Timmer, A. (2012). From Inclusion to Transformation: Rewriting Konstantin Markin v. Russia. In E. Brems (Ed.), Diversity and European Human Rights: Rewriting Judgments of the ECHR (pp. 148-170). Cambridge University Press.

Professional publications

Timmer, A., (2012). Mensenrechtenhof tolereert geen hate speech tegen holebi’s, (De Juristenkrant; No. 246).
Timmer, A., (2012). Mensenrechtenhof bindt strijd aan met genderstereotiepen, (De Juristenkrant ; No. 250).
Timmer, A., (2012). Religieuze partij mag geen vrouwen van kieslijst weren, ( De Juristenkrant ; No. 254).
Timmer, A., (2012). ECtHR, Aksu v. Turkey (GC), (European Human Rights Cases; No. 112).
Timmer, A. (2012). Rechter moet toetsen of ontslag wegens politieke gezindheid geoorloofd is (EHRM 6 November 2012). In R. Holtmaat (Ed.), Gelijke Behandeling: Kronieken en Annotaties (pp. 191-204). Wolf Legal Publishers.
Timmer, A. (2012). Book Review: Alice Edwards, Violence against Women under International Human Rights Law. Leiden Journal of International Law, 25, 570-573.

2011

Scholarly publications

Timmer, A. (2011). Genderstereotypen en het EHRM. In E. Brems, & L. Stevens (Eds.), Recht en gender in België (pp. 219-236). Die Keure.
Holtmaat, R., & Timmer, A. (2011). De SGP Zaak Anders Bekeken. NJCM-Bulletin, 36(4), 445-457.
Cusack, S., & Timmer, A. (2011). Gender Stereotyping in Rape Cases: The CEDAW Committee’s Decision in Vertido v. the Philippines. Human Rights Law Review, 11(2), 329-342. https://doi.org/10.1093/hrlr/ngr004
Timmer, A. (2011). Toward an Anti-Stereotyping Approach for the European Court of Human Rights. Human Rights Law Review, 11(4), 707-738. https://doi.org/10.1093/hrlr/ngr036

Professional publications

Timmer, A., (2011). ECtHR, Andrle v. Czech Republic, (European Human Rights Cases; No. 60).
Timmer, A., (2011). Discriminatie op Grond van HIV-status: Van Straatsburg, Stigma en Stereotypen (Kiyutin t. Rusland), (NTM/NJCM-Bulletin; Vol. 36).

Other output

Brems, E., & Timmer, A. (2011). Written Submissions by the Human Rights Centre of Ghent University to the Grand Chamber of the European Court of Human Rights in the case of Konstantin Markin v. Russia. Human Rights Centre of Ghent University. http://www.hrc.ugent.be/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/Konstantin_Markin.pdf

2010

Scholarly publications

Brems, E., Ouald Chaib, S., Smet, S., & Timmer, A. (2010). Artikel 8: Privéleven en gezinsleven. In J. Gerards, J. van der Velde, A. Woltjer, & M. Tjepkema (Eds.), EVRM Rechtspraak & Commentaar (pp. 1-50). SDU.

Professional publications

Timmer, A., (2010). ECtHR, Rantsev v. Cyprus and Russia, (European Human Rights Cases; No. 29).
Timmer, A., (2010). ECtHR, Alajoss Kiss v. Hungary, (European Human Rights Cases ; No. 83).
Timmer, A., (2010). ECtHR, Aksu v. Turkey, (European Human Rights Cases; No. 117).
Timmer, A. (2010). Book Review: Rebecca Cook & Simone Cusack, Gender Stereotyping. Transnational Legal Perspectives. Human Rights Law Review, (10), 583-586.

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