BEAT THE HEAT aims to analyse the coping and adaptation capacities of different vulnerable groups in the neighbourhoods of Lunetten, Utrecht, The Netherlands and Karail in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Based on this comparative empirical study, we will develop a) a variety of local-led coping and adaptation strategies for heat stress taken by different vulnerable groups; and b) concrete action perspectives for local governments/NGOs for enhancing such capacities, and to have governance arrangements in place for those who cannot cope but want to stay at their place (voluntary non-migrants).
International and national policies include initiatives and plans to promote climate change adaptation, which is the reduction of risks posed by climatic change impacts. Several of these policies are typical top-down, as, for instance, those promoted by the United Nations. However, climate change impacts are manifested locally and adaptation actions need to be taken at local level with benefits for local communities. Without a proper understanding of the characteristics of local governance and society, climate change adaptation is doomed to fail, with consequent economic, environmental and human costs. Using the literatures on risk governance and securitisation, this project uncovers how climate change adaptation can be framed through risk governance thinking, with a focus on how international and national policies include initiatives and plans to promote climate change adaptation, which is the reduction of risks posed by climatic change impacts. Several of these policies are typical top-down, as, for instance, those promoted by the United Nations. However, climate change impacts are manifested locally and adaptation actions need to be taken at local level with benefits for local communities. Without a proper understanding of the characteristics of local governance and society, climate change adaptation is doomed to fail, with consequent economic, environmental and human costs. Using the literatures on risk governance and securitisation, this project uncovers how climate change adaptation can be framed through risk governance thinking, with a focus on accommodating everyday risks, or through securitisation dynamics, by which extraordinary measures and particular actors are required. While the securitisation of climate change is well-documented at national and international levels, the way securitisation affects local level governance and adaptation is much less known. The project will reveal opportunities for complementary between international, national and local adaptation efforts, by pinpointing positive (shared understandings and coherent action) and negative (conflicting perspectives and local disempowerment) dynamics. Knowledge-based policy results will inform more effective risk decision making at all levels of governance and will offer a nuanced picture of what kinds of transformational changes in climate change adaptation are most suitable for local communities.
Kennis voor Klimaat is een onderzoeksprogramma waarin kennis en diensten worden ontwikkeld, die nodig zijn om de investeringen in ruimte en infrastructuur, die de komende 20 jaar zijn voorzien, te beoordelen op klimaatbestendigheid en zonodig aan te passen. Overheden (rijk, provincie, gemeenten en waterschappen) en bedrijven participeren actief in de programmering van het onderzoek met inbreng van additionele middelen.
My previous research was conducted for Knowledge for Climate, and focused on public and private responsibilities for urban adaptation to climate change. The allocation of responsibilities between public and private actors has become a key governance issue for adaptation to climate change in urban areas. The PhD research analysed and evaluated who governs urban climate adaptation through an in-depth comparative case study of 20 governance arrangements in European and North-American cities for three key adaptation issues: water safety, rainwater retention and heat stress prevention. The results reveal that existing governance arrangements are characterised by a large extent of public responsibility; by a moderate private responsibility that is often limited to the implementation of measures; and by a (very) limited extent of shared public-private responsibility. At the same time, decisions on responsibility divisions have been taken quite routinely. The results also reveal that the large extent of public responsibility currently contributes positively to the effectiveness, legitimacy and fairness of existing arrangements. Nevertheless, in view of the acceleration of climate change, interactive arrangements with shared public-private responsibilities offer promising alternative arrangements since they take good account of the specific challenges to the governance of adaptation. The dissertation offers a method for deliberate and deliberative decisions regarding responsibility divisions, taking account of those specific challenges. Ultimately, it is argued that it is a clear and deliberate allocation of responsibilities that constitutes truly responsible climate change adaptation.