PhD defence: SPATIAL CONFLICTS OF ENERGY TRANSITION

The energy transition is crucial for combating climate change, but its implementation often leads to spatial conflicts, particularly in densely populated areas like the Netherlands. This dissertation examines these conflicts through the lens of governance challenges between governmental levels and local stakeholders, such as landowners. It highlights that these tensions are not only technical but also deeply rooted in socio-cultural and institutional dynamics.

Decentralized renewable energy projects, such as wind and solar farms, require balancing national policy objectives with local realities. Conflicts arise when top-down strategies fail to align with local priorities, resulting in delays, resistance, and project failures. The research advocates for participatory governance models and introduces "integrated land-use management" as a strategy to mitigate spatial conflicts. This concept emphasizes a holistic approach to land use that considers economic, ecological, and social aspects.

The study reveals that financial compensation is often insufficient to ensure stakeholder acceptance. Fair distribution of benefits and burdens, trust in policymakers, and inclusive decision-making are essential. In urban areas, challenges are intensified by limited space and competing land-use claims. The planning triangle model provides a valuable framework to analyze these conflicts and improve the integration of energy and urban planning.

Finally, the dissertation underscores the potential of provincial governance to foster collaboration between policy levels and create adaptive frameworks that address diverse interests. In doing so, it offers tools for achieving a fair and effective energy transition.